Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.12): Difference between revisions

'''Irenaeus (130?-202?)'''. *Adversus Haereses. Written about 180 a.d. and actually titled “Refutation and Overthrow of Gnosis, falsely so called.” Of the Greek original only fragments survive; it only exists in full in an old Latin translation. Consult J. P. Migne, Patrol. Gr., Vol. V. English transl. in Ante-Nicene Christian Library.

'''Itard, Jean-Marie-Gaspard (1775-1858)'''. French physician whose knowledge of medicine was the result of self-devised efforts over a period of years. Eventually, he became identified with the Institution for the deaf-mutes and his studies along this line of research resulted in a great deal of practical information concerning the psychological traits of his patients and the way to help them in their problems.

'''Jolles, Adolf (1864-?)'''. Physician and chemist born at Warsaw, but active mainly in Breslau and Vienna. Founded with his brother Maximilian a chemical-microscopical laboratory for various types of research along medical lines, and food values.

'''Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de'''. French physician and botanist, b. at Lyons, April 12, 1748; d. at Paris, Sept. 17, 1836. Studied medicine and botany in Paris, and published, 1789, his Genera plantarum, etc., which provided the basis for modern classification. After the Revolution, he was placed in charge of Paris hospitals. Professor of botany at the Museum of Natural History, 1770-1826.

'''Kames, Henry Home, Lord (1696-1782)'''. Scottish lawyer and philosopher, born at Kames, Berwickshire. Called to the bar, 1724. Appointed judge in the court of session, 1752; was made, 1763, lord of judiciary. Apart from his legal writings, he is the author of: Essays on the Principles of Morality and Natural Religion (1751), supporting the doctrine of innate ideas, and other writings on Ethics and Thinking.

'''<nowiki>*</nowiki>Kathopanishad'''. Consult The Twelve Principal Upanishads (English translation). Publ. by Tookaram Tatya for the Bombay Theosophical Publication Fund, Bombay, 1891, and other collections of the Upanishads.

'''Keightley, Bertram (1860-1945)'''. See Biographical sketch in Vol. IX, pp. 432-35, of H.P.B.’s Collected Writings.

'''Kennan, George (1845-1923)'''. American journalist and author. Assistant Manager of Associated Press, Washington, D.C., 1877-85. In Russia and Siberia for Century Co., 1885-86. Correspondent in Cuba for The Outlook, 1898, and in Japan during the Russo-Japanese War. Climbed Mt. Pelée (Martinique) after the eruption of 1902. Wrote: *Siberia and the Exile System, 1891, 2 vols.

'''Koch, Robert (1843-1910)'''. Renowned German bacteriologist trained at Göttingen, 1862-66. Engaged in remarkable research at Wolstein in the field of infection. Sent, 1881, to Egypt and India to study cholera, where he isolated its bacillus. Appointed, 1885, professor at the University of Berlin and director of the newly-organized Institute of Hygiene. His epoch-making researches contributed to the development of modern bacteriology, and its various side-branches.

'''Ladd, George Trumbull'''. American philosopher, b. in Painsville, O., Jan. 19, 1842; d. at New Haven, Conn., Aug. 8, 1921. Graduated at Western Reserve College, 1864, and at Andover Theological Seminary, 1869, preaching for a decade. Prof, of philosophy at Bowdoin College, 1879-81, and Clark Prof, of metaphysics and moral philosophy at Yale, 1881-1901. Founder of the Yale psychological laboratory. One of his best known works is *Elements of Physiological Psychology (1887; new ed., 1911).

'''Lavater, Johann Kaspar''', poet, theologian, mystic and physiognomist, b. at Zürich, November 15, 1741; d. there January 2, 1801. Educated at the Zürich Gymnasium. Took orders in 1769, and for the rest of his life was deacon or pastor in various churches of his native town. His oratorical fervor and depth of conviction gave him an extraordinary personal influence, and he was consulted by thousands of Germans and Swiss as a spiritual adviser. He is, however, best remembered as the author of *Physiognomische Fragmente zur Beförderung der Menschenkenntnis und Menschenliebe, 1775-78, to which Goethe, long a warm friend of Lavater, contributed a chapter. These Essays were translated into English by H. Hunter (London, 1789-98, 3 vols.). Among his mystical writings, Aussichten in die Ewigkeit (1768-78) went through several editions. When Zürich was captured by Masséna, 1799, Lavater was shot by a French grenadier, lingering more than a year before dying.

'''Lawrence, Sir William (1783-1867)'''. Renowned English surgeon who was associated for some forty years with St. Bartholomew’s Hospital {{Page aside|754}}in London. He was Professor of anatomy and surgery to the Royal College of Surgeons, and was appointed, 1857, as sergeant-surgeon to Queen Victoria. Created Baronet in 1867. *Lectures on Comparative Anatomy, Physiology, Zoology, and the Natural History of Man, etc., London, 1848, 8vo.

'''Lee, Ann (1736-1784)'''. English religious visionary; was born in Manchester, where she was first a factory hand and afterwards a cook. She is especially remembered by her connection with the sect known as Shakers. She died at Watervliet, near Albany, New York.

'''Lenclos, Ninon de (1615-1705)'''. French courtesan, daughter of a gentleman of good position in Touraine. As the mistress to a succession of well-known men of the time, acquired considerable influence, and eventually settled down to the social leadership of Paris. Her long friendship with Saint-Evremont deserves notice. Voltaire’s letter on her was the chief authority of subsequent biographers.

'''Lermontov, Mihail Yuryevich (1814-1841)'''. *Poem to Alexandra Osipovna Smirnova, 1840.

'''Levi, Eliphas''' (pseud, of Alphonse-Louis Constant, 1810-75). *“Stray Thoughts on Death and Satan” (notes and footnotes by H.P.B.), The Theosophist, Vol. Ill, October, 1881, Cf. Collected IP citings, Vol. Ill, pp. 287-91.

'''Linton, Mrs. Elizabeth Lynn (1822-1898)'''. English novelist who was married to W. J. Linton, engraver. She wrote a large number of novels and stories and became very well known in her time. One of the best works is: *The True History of Joshua Davidson, 1872.

'''Lodge, Sir Oliver Joseph (1851-1940)'''. *Nature Series. Not definitely identified.

'''Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth (1807-1882)'''. *Santa Filomena, 1857.

'''Lumholtz, Carl Sofus''', Norwegian explorer and naturalist, b. 1851 at Faaber in Gudbrandsalen; d. in the Saranac Lake Sanatorium, New York, May 5, 1922. After graduating in theology at the Univ, of Oslo, 1876, was sent by the Univ, to Australia, where he spent four years, 1880-84, collecting various scientific data. In 1890, he went to Mexico on behalf of the Amer. Museum of Nat. History, bringing back a valuable collection of photos. His work: Blandt Mexicos Indianere (1902-03) describes his trips. He also worked in Borneo, {{Page aside|755}}1915-17, gathering much new information on the Dyaks, recorded in his work: Through Central Borneo (New York, 1920, 2 vols.).

'''Machell, Reginald Willoughby'''. Outstanding English painter and carver, and a devoted Theosophist. Born June 20, 1854 at the family home Crackenthorpe, Westmoreland, he was the second surviving son of Rev. Beverly Machell, Canon of York Cathedral, and Emma Willoughby Machell, who was the sister of Lord Middleton. The Machells are an old Westmoreland family whose name is recorded in Doomsday Book. He was educated at Uppingham and Owen’s College, Manchester, and took many prizes for drawing and in the Classics. In 1875, he went to London to study art, and the following year to Paris, where he made great progress at the celebrated Academic Julien in the Passage des Panoramas, winning several medals in the school. He had married Ada Mary Simpson in 1875. He returned to London in 1880, devoting himself to portrait painting, and exhibited a full length portrait of a lady in the Royal Academy of that year. In 1885, he painted a large canvas of the “Temptation of St. Anthony”; in 1887, his “Bacchante” was exhibited at the Royal Academy. In that year Reginald discovered Theosophy through one of his aunts, a friend of Lady Malcolm (H.P.B.’s close friend), who had given her a copy of the magazine Lucijer that had just then been launched in London. The contents of that magazine were sufficient for Reginald to become convinced he had found what he was looking for in a philosophical approach to life. He met H.P.B. and joined The Theosophical Society. When H.P.B. had moved to 19 Avenue Road, Regents Park, London, at about July, 1890, Reginald Machell did some interior decorating there at her request, and she soon suggested he have his studio in the same building. From about that time, the character of his paintings changed greatly. They became mystical in nature and symbolic of some of the great truths of Theosophy. The famous “Dweller on the Threshold” was followed by “The Birth of a Planet” (owned by the Pioneer Club of London), “Lead Kindly Light,” “The Mystic Troth,” “The Bard,” “The Exiles,” and others. One of his most renowned canvases is ‘The Path,” owned by the Point Loma Theosophical Society (now at Pasadena), used for many years on the cover of the magazine The Theosophical Path and which is reproduced in the present Volume. In the words of Alice Leighton Cleather:

“I went to see Mr. Machell’s last picture, “The Path,” the other day, in the Suffolk Street Gallery, where it is now being exhibited. It is certainly one of his very best, and his most intricate and {{Page aside|756}}mystical. These words are inscribed at the bottom, in one corner: “If wisdom thou wouldst gain, be strong, be bold, be merciful. But when thou hast attained them let compassion speak. Renounce thy goal: return to earth a Saviour of Mankind”; and they give the key-note to the picture. The whole of the life of man, as outlined in the Esoteric philosophy, is here given—suggested, rather—by Mr. Machell, in symbolic form; so you may imagine how almost impossible it would be to enter into a full description of it. But I believe that if the picture could be widely exhibited, especially among the poorer classes, it would do more to bring the teachings of H.P.B. home to the hearts and minds of the people, than reams of literature.”<ref>In her London Letter, dated February, 1895, The Theosophist, Vol. XVI, April, 1895, p. 464.</ref>

As an illustrator Mr. Machell’s principal works are two original and sumptuous books written by the gifted American, Irene Osgood (1875-1922), who was a natural mystic. The first was An Idol's Passion (London and New York, The Transatlantic Puhi. Co., 1895), which contains seventeen finely executed mystical plates. The second was The Chant of the Lonely Soul (London, Gay and Bird, 1897), a work based on litanies to Tanit and adapted from Count Robert de Montesquiou-Fezensac’s Les Chauves-Souris. Mr. Machell’s illustrations are large photogravures with the text worked in by the artist.

During his many years’ residence at Point Loma, Reginald Machell was productive of a great deal of creative work. He decorated the walls, columns and ceiling of the Temple of Peace with Egyptian patterns in pastel colors; he carved the symbolic figures on the massive doorways of the Temple; he also carved a number of beautiful chairs and screens; he wrote numerous articles and essays in The Century Path and The Theosophical Path published by the Society, often illustrating his own and other writers’ contributions with pen-and-ink drawings of a symbolic nature. In Loma- land dramatic work, he took active part in personating various characters in the Greek plays presented by Katherine Tingley and her staff in the famous open-air Greek theatre, and may be especially remembered as the Ghost of Clytemnestra in The Eumenides. Mr. Machell was of special service in scenic painting, in devising equipment for stage setting, and in supervising the rehearsals of young players.

'''Magendie, François (1783-1855)'''. French physiologist, born at Bordeaux. Became professor of pathology at the Collège de France. Succeeded in demonstrating the motor functions of the anterior, and the sensory functions of the posterior spinal roots. He also investigated the blood-flow. Claude Bernard was one of his pupils. One of his works is the Précis élémentaire de physiologie (1816).

'''Maine, Sir Henry James Sumner'''. English comparative jurist and historian, b. at Kelso, Roxburghshire, Aug. 15, 1822; d. at Cannes, France, Feb. 3, 1888. Educated at Christ’s Hospital and Pembroke College, Cambridge. Was appointed, 1847, regius professor of civil law, and was called to the bar three years later. His lectures as reader to the Inns of Court became the groundwork of his Ancient Law published in 1861, a book which made his reputation at one stroke. From 1863 to 1869, Maine was legal member of council in India and contributed greatly towards the codification of Indian law. For a time he was vice-chancellor of Calcutta University. In {{Page aside|758}}1871, he became a member of the secretary of State’s council and remained so for the rest of his life. He taught jurisprudence at Oxford and in 1877 became master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. One of his works, Popular Government (1885) was designed to show that democracy is not in itself more stable than any other form of government, and that there is no necessary connection between democracy and progress.

'''Mânavadharmasâstra or Manusmriti (Laws of Manu)'''. Text critically edited by J. Jolly, London, Triibner’s Oriental Series, 1887. Translated by G. Buhler, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1886, in Sacred Books of the East, XXV.

'''Marey, Étienne-Jules'''. French physiologist, b. at Beaune, March 5, 1830; d. 1904. Became M.D. in 1859. Organized the first laboratory of physiology in France. Professor of natural history at the Collège de France. Member of the Académie de Médecine and of the Institut de France. Elected to the Académie des Sciences, to replace Claude Bernard. Author of a number of specialized works, among them *La Machine animale; locomotion terrestre et aérienne (1874; 2nd ed., 1878).

'''Milton, John (1608-1674)'''. *Paradise Lost, 1668.

'''Montaigne, Michel Eyquem, Seigneur de (1533-1592)'''. *Essais, 1580. First edition reprinted by Dezeimeris and Burckhausen in 1870. Edition of Courbet and Royer is considered the standard. Recent edition has been publ. by Garnier Frères, Paris, 1962, and follows the ed. of 1595 issued in Bordeaux.

'''Morgagni, Giovanni Battista (1682-1771)'''. Italian anatomist, graduating at Bologna in philosophy and medicine. Professor of medicine at Parma, greatly honored for his skill and knowledge. In his eightieth year, brought out his great work which made pathological anatomy a science: *De sedibus, et causis morborum per anatomen indagatis, Torino, Bottega d’Erasmo, 1761. Transi, into English, 1769, and later editions by the New York Academy of Medicine.

'''Oliphant, Laurence (1829-1888)'''. See Vol. VII, pp. 386-87, for data. *Scientific Religion: or, Higher possibilities of life and practice through the operation of natural forces. Edinburgh & London, W. Blackwood & Sons, 1888, xv, 473 pp. American or 3rd ed., Buffalo, C. A. Wenbome, 1889.

'''Origen (185?-254?)''', *Contra Celsum. Principal apologetic work of the writer, in eight books, written at Caesarea in the time of Philip {{Page aside|759}}the Arabian. Contains nearly the whole of the famous work of Celsus, Logos alêthês, against Christianity. The work shows a close affinity between Origen’s own views and those of Celsus on many subjects. Greek text in J. P. Migne, Patrol. Gr., Vols. XI-XVII. English translation: by F. Crombie & W. H. Cairns in Ante-Nicene Christian Fathers, Vols. X & XXIII (Edinburgh, 1869-72); and by Henry Chadwick, with Introd, and Notes (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1953, xl, 531 pp., Index, Bibliography).

'''Ouida'''. Pseudonym of Louise de la Ramée (1839-1908). See Vol. VIII, p. 473, for data.

'''<nowiki>*</nowiki>Papyrus d’Orbiney'''. Purchased in 1857 from Madame d’Orbiney by the Trustees of the British Museum. Consists of nineteen pages of ten lines of hieratic writing together with an endorsement. Facsimile published in 1860 in the Select Papyri in the Hieratic Character from the Collections of the British Museum. This Papyrus contains the original of The Tale of the Two Brothers. H.P.B.’s reference to A pud Grebaut Papyrus d’Orbiney has not been definitely identified, but evidently refers to some study of this Papyrus made by Jean Charles Eugène Grébaut (1846-1914).

'''Parker, Theodore'''. American preacher and social reformer, b. at Lexington, Mass., Aug. 24, 1810; d. in Florence, Italy, May 10, 1860. Educated in the district school and one term in Lexington academy. Became a schoolmaster at 17, and in his 20th year entered himself at Harvard, working on his father’s farm while studying. Resided at the College for his theological course, graduating in 1836 from Harvard Divinity School. Gained a working knowledge of about twenty languages. Ordained as Unitarian clergyman at West Roxbury, 1837, and preached there until 1846, but found himself antagonistic to the popular theology of the time. For his rationalistic sermon in Boston, May 19, 1841, he was denounced by the Unitarian clergy and efforts were made to silence him. During the winter of 1841-42, he delivered in the Masonic Hall the lectures published as A Discourse of Matters Pertaining to Religion (1842). Took up the question of the emancipation of the slaves and fearlessly advocated the cause of the Negroes, assisting actively in the escape of fugitive slaves. According to the Diet, of Amer. Biography, “Abraham Lincoln . . . probably derived from him the formula ‘government of the people, by the people, for the people’.” In January, 1859, he suffered a violent haemorrhage of the lungs, and vainly sought relief by travelling to the West Indies and then to Europe, where he died in Florence the next year. A friend of Emerson, Channing and other {{Page aside|760}}Transcendentalists, he was a man who spoke straight to men’s intelligence and conscience and the goodness of their hearts. His main belief centered in an Absolute being and intuitive religion. He was also the author of Ten, Sermons of Religion (1852) and Theism, Atheism and the Popular Theology (1853). He bequeathed his 16,000 volume library to the Boston Public Library.

'''Pirogov,Doctor Nikolay Ivanovich (1810-1881)'''. Renowned Russian anatomist and surgeon, considered in his days to have been the greatest surgeon in Russia, and other countries, whose discoveries and research laid the foundations of anatomical surgery and especially its usages on the field of battles. Pirogov was born in Moscow, the son of a clerk in the Department of Treasury. After some preparatory studies at home and in a private school, he entered the University of Moscow where he graduated in 1827. He continued his studies in Germany, 1833-35; then became professor of surgery at the University of Dorpat (now Tartu), and in 1841 head of surgical work at the Medical Academy in St. Petersburg. In 1847, he went to the Caucasus and during his work with the wounded used for the first time ether as an anesthetic. He spent the years of 1862-66 abroad, helping younger students in their preparatory studies of surgery. Returning home, he settled in his estate of Vishnya, now called Pirogovo, near Vinnitza. A memorial museum was organized there in later years; it includes Pirogov’s embalmed body.

'''Plato (427?-347 b.c.)'''. *Republic. Loeb Classical Library, Translation by Paul Shorey.

'''Pollok, Robert (1798-1827)'''. English poet, son of a small farmer. Weakened his health by excessive athletics. Together with his brother, David, decided to become secession ministers. Graduated from Glasgow University, 1822, studying theology for the next five years. Poor health prevented him from making a career and he died very young in his sister’s home. His main contribution to literature is his poem *The Course of Time, 1827, which went through a large number of editions.

'''Pope, Alexander (1688-1744)'''. *Moral Essays, 1731-35.

'''Potto, Vassiliy Alexandrovich (1836-1912)'''. *Kavkazskaya voina, etc. (The War in Caucasus), St. Petersburg, Tiflis, 1885, etc., 8vo.

'''<nowiki>*</nowiki>Proceedings''' (Reports) of the Annual Conventions of the American Section of The Theosophical Society.

'''Pryse, James Morgan'''. Outstanding Theosophical worker and writer, and a printer of great ability. He was born in New London, a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 14, 1859. His father, Rev. James Morgan Pryse, M.A., born in Tredegar, Wales, came to the U.S. when 14 years of age. He belonged to the Welsh Order of Druid Bards. Educated at Athens, he became pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in Cincinnati. He married Mary Morgan, who came with her parents to Ohio from Aberystwith, Wales, when 12 years old. James was next to the youngest of eight children, five girls and three boys, born to them. His health impaired by overwork with a large city church, Rev. Mr. Pryse moved with his family to Emporia, Kansas, in 1863.

He then took up photography, but soon sold his gallery and entered a printing office, where he learned printing, then purchased the office and edited and published the weekly paper. Later he sold the paper and purchased another in Blue Springs, Neb., taking his brother John into partnership. They sold this office and went to Montana on a vacation trip, going from there to Prescott, Wis., where they ran a newspaper and printing office. James next went to Shakopee, Minn., where he was admitted to the bar. He went to Lacrosse, Wise., intending to practice law, but instead took a position as telegraph editor on the Lacrosse Leader. He went next to Jacksonville, Fla., and worked on a daily paper.

He joined a co-operative colony then preparing to settle at Topolo- bampo, Mexico. Their headquarters was at Hammonton, N.J., where he spent a year helping to organize and publish a small magazine. At this time Mrs. Ver Plank, afterwards Mrs. Archibald Keightley, and known to all Theosophists as “Jasper Niemand,” was attracted by some of Mr. Pryse’s magazine articles and wrote him on the subject of Theosophy, inviting him to meet her in Philadelphia to talk over the subject. She was Mr. Judge’s most valued assistant in getting out The Path. Through her Mr. Pryse got in touch with Mr. Judge, and while studying Theosophical works he was greatly helped by the steady correspondence which he kept up with both of them for several years.

Leaving Hammonton in 1886 he came to Los Angeles, where he joined the local Branch of the T. S. Here he studied Sanskrit under Chevalier Roehrig. Professor of Oriental Languages in the University of Southern California. In Los Angeles he met his brother John, who had also become a Theosophist. From Los Angeles the brothers went to Peru, spending some time among the ruins of the Incas. They passed through Panama on their way to New York, whence they intended to return to Los Angeles. But Mr. Judge, who was sadly in need of help to get out copies of H.P.B.’s E.S. Instructions, made them his helpers, and they started the Aryan Press in New York in 1889.<ref>It became incorporated on March 26, 1890 at New York also; they purchased the house at 144 Madison Ave., between 31st and 32nd Streets, built of brown stone and with four stories. This was about April, 1892. In April, 1900, the Aryan Press moved to Point Loma, California.</ref>

Very soon after that, most likely the same year, H.P.B. cabled to Pryse to come to London. He did so and established the H.P.B. Press on Henry Street, importing its new machine from U.S.A. (The Path, Vol. VII, April, 1892, p. 31). Pryse himself relates the approximate sequence of events in The Canadian Theosophist (Vol. XVI, March, 1935, p. 2), although no specific dates are given.

Writing from London, without date, Mrs. Alice L. Cleather says (The Theosophist, Adyar, Vol. XI, April, 1890, p. 404) that the printing press (the H.P.B. Press) “has been procured . . . and is shortly to be set up at 17, Lansdowne Road.” In September, 1890, she writes from London (The Theos., Vol. XII, November, 1890, p. 127) that the printing press is at last to be set up at the new Hdqrts. in London; funds have been supplied. James M. Pryse has  

'''JAMES MORGAN PRYSE'''  

'''1859-1942'''

'''Reproduced from The Path, New York, Vol. IX, June, 1894.'''

{{Style P-No indent|just come over from U.S.A., and has taken up his permanent residence here.” A somewhat more definite information is supplied by Pryse himself who writes (The Canadian Theosophist, Vol. XX, May, 1939, p. 75):}}

“I started the H.P.B. Press, the capital being supplied by Dr. Archibald Keightley, to reprint the E.S.T. Instructions, which my brother John and I had previously printed in New York. It was slow work, as I did nearly all of it myself. For a time I had an outside compositor, and Thomas Green, a lawyer’s clerk, in his spare hours helped me fold the sheets for binding. The work was finished to H.P.B.’s satisfaction. Some time after our beloved ‘Old Lady’ forsook her body, Mrs. Besant decided to enlarge the printing plant, so as to print a new edition of the S.D., also Lucifer and other publications. Accordingly an American two-revolution press was purchased, also other machinery and material, and girl-compositors were engaged. I did all the work of making ready the forms on the presses and trained Mr. Green and one of the girls to feed the presses.”<ref>The H.P.B. Press published the revised edition of the S.D. in 1893, not the original edition of 1888, as some people still believe. In January, 1895, the Press was closed by order of Annie Besant and Bertram Keightley from India. Employees were discharged. This was due to the split or the impending split (The Path, Vol. IX, February, 1895, p. 408). The Index to the S.D. and to Volume III were printed by another concern that purchased the plant after Mrs. Besant closed it. According to Pryse, thereafter neither he nor Thomas Green had anything to do with printing anything there. Pryse went to Dublin, taking with him the smaller press which belonged to Dr. A. Keightley, and was donated to the Irish Theosophist.</ref>

Mr. Pryse then went to Dublin, Ireland, where he had charge of printing the Irish Theosophist and contributed articles and poems to that magazine, his especial chum being ¿E, George W. Russell, since famous as a poet. When visiting Los Angeles lately,Ai spent all his evenings with Mr. Pryse at his home. While in Dublin Mr. Pryse wrote his first book, The Sermon on the Mount, under the pseudonym of Aretas. It was first published serially in the magazine {{Page aside|764}}and later (1896) in book form by A. E. S. Smythe of Toronto. A revised and enlarged edition was brought out in 1904 by the Theosophical Society of New York. This book is a verbatim translation from the Greek, together with several other excerpts from the New Testament and valuable Notes and comments throughout.

After a year in Dublin Mr. Pryse was called to New York by Mr. Judge, who needed him to help with The Path. After Mr. Judge’s death, March 21, 1896, Mr. Pryse spent nearly a year visiting branches and giving public lectures on Theosophy. This tour took him into nearly every section of the U.S., and he visited also Toronto and Victoria. On his return to New York he again took up writing and in 1900 gave us Reincarnation in the New Testament (New York: Elliott B. Page & Co.). This was followed in 1909 by The Magical Message According to loannes (New York: Theos. Puhi. Co., 230 pp.).

He now returned to Galesville, Wis., and formed a partnership with Mr. Robert Christiansen, and returned to the practice of law. On December 21, 1901, he married Miss Jessie Mayer, of San Diego, who had been called north on account of the death of her mother. They came back to Los Angeles in February 1904, where he continued to practice law until he grew weary of the atmosphere of litigation, and of defending criminals, of the law’s delays and the frequent miscarriage of justice, and gave it up. In 1905 they turned their steps towards the country and bought a lemon orchard on Garvey Avenue, in the San Gabriel Valley, where they lived happily for five years. Then, to take a rest from such hard work, they sold the ranch and she went to her sister for a visit while he went to New York to finish writing and bring out that wonderful book, The Apocalypse Unsealed (New York; John M. Pryse, 1910, viii, 222 pp.), being an esoteric interpretation of the Initiation of loannes commonly known as The Revelation of St. John. The purpose of this work is to show that the Apocalypse is a manual of spiritual development and not a cryptic history or prophecy. A lengthy Introduction and numerous Commentaries throw a flood of light upon this ancient scripture.

Upon his return to Los Angeles, they bought a residence on East 7th Street, and he immediately began writing The Restored New Testament. It was an arduous task and took him four years. Again he had to go to New York to proofread the work. According to its subtitle, it consists of “The Hellenic Fragments, freed from the Pseudo-Jewish interpolations, harmonized, and done into English verse and prose. With Introductory Analyses, and Commentaries, giving an intepretation according to ancient philosophy and psychology. {{Page aside|765}}And a new literal translation of the Synoptic Gospels, with Introduction and Commentaries.” The work was published both by himself in Los Angeles and by John M. Watkins in London (2nd ed., 1916).

In 1920 they bought a bungalow at 919 So. Bernal Avenue in Los Angeles, and later built another one on the same lot in readiness for his brother John who was to come from New York. At the same time, Pryse was planning and gathering material for his next work, Prometheus Bound (209 pp.) originally ascribed to Aeschylus, wherein is set forth the hidden meaning of the myth. This work was followed by The Adorers of Dionysos (Bakchai) translated from the Greek of Euripides with an original interpretation of the myth of Kadmos and partly supplying the place of the lost Prometheus Unbound. Both of these works were published by Pryse himself and by John M. Watkins of London in 1925 (164 pp.).

In addition to his published works, James M. Pryse contributed a large number of articles and essays to various Theosophical journals during his lifetime, some of which have appeared as late as the pages of the Point Loma Universal Brotherhood and Universal Brotherhood Path which followed it.

(Chief sources: The Path, New York, Vol. IX, June, 1894, possibly written by Mr. Judge; and an article by Louise Y. Paglin in The Canadian Theosophist, Vol. XII, April, 1931.)

'''Purucker, Hobart Lorentz Gottfried de'''. Outstanding Theosophist, profound scholar, eloquent speaker and able writer, born at Suffern, Rockland County, N.Y., January 15, 1874.

Gottfried was one of seven children and received somewhat severe training in his youth. In 1881-82, when his father was a young clergyman in Texarkana, Texas, he barely survived typhoid fever; and though declared dead by his physician on one occasion, he slowly recovered. Later the family lived for a time in St. Joseph, Mo., and in Rome, N.Y., and Gottfried was expected to follow his father’s footsteps in the service of the Church. After they moved to Geneva, where his father settled December 12, 1888, as Chaplain of the American Church, he studied in various schools including the Collège de Genève, where he was an “extern” during 1889-90. He was taught Greek and Hebrew by his father. He specialized under private tutors in ancient and modern languages such as Latin, AngloSaxon, Sanskrit, Italian, and Spanish. French and German were spoken in the family. In 1888 he translated the entire Greek New Testament as a Christmas gift for his father, and a couple of years later made a translation of Genesis from the Hebrew.

At eighteen, he returned to the U.S.A, where, after a few months sojourn in New York State, he settled for several years in California, spending some time for experience on different ranches, among these Old Fort El Tejon, near Tejon Pass in the Tehachapi Mountains. He then moved to San Diego, where in 1892 he joined the “Point Loma Lodge” of The Theosophical Society (chartered in April, 1888) then under the national jurisdiction of William Quan Judge, and at nineteen conducted therein a class in The Secret Doctrine. In 1894 he met Mr. Judge in San Diego while the latter was on a lecture tour of the Pacific Coast. A year later, Gottfried returned to Geneva to live for a time with his people. It was in that city that he first met Katherine Tingley, on September 2, 1896. She was on her first world tour as Successor to William Quan Judge who died March 21, 1896. During this brief meeting, he was able to provide her with specific information about land available for purchase on the Point Loma Promontory, near San Diego, and drew for her a pencil sketch of the area, thus enabling her to secure for her intended “White City in the Gold Land of the West” acreage which she had felt was there but which her agent in San Diego was unable to locate.

He spent several years in Paris where he was for a while associated with Ralph Lane (later Sir Norman Angell, M.P.) on the editorial staff of the Paris Daily Messenger, an old and famous continental paper published in English, founded by Galignani in 1814· and originally known as Galignani s Messenger. A year after his father’s death in 1902 he came back to the U.S.A, and after some weeks of travel took up permanent residence on August 4, 1903, at the International Theosophical Headquarters, Point Loma, California.

During the years 1903-1929, the period between his arrival at Point Loma and the death of Katherine Tingley, Dr. de Purucker was engaged in many and varied activities, acting as Private Secretary to Katherine Tingley in the early years, as member of her Cabinet in later years, and as Editor of The Theosophical Path after its initial publication in 1911. He supervised the publication of successive editions of H. P. Blavatsky’s works, and utilized to full advantage his great scholarship in this field of endeavor. He engaged in many administrative activities under the direction of Katherine Tingley, and soon became one of the most trusted members of her staff. He accompanied her on her world tour of 19031904, and on her European tours of 1908, 1912 and 1926. A great deal of his work was done in the quiet of his office and on the whole he lived a somewhat retired life, and was never married.

Soon after taking over the administration of the Society, Dr. de Purucker started publication of The Theosophical Forum, the first issue appearing in September, 1929, in this manner reviving the name of a small organ inaugurated many years previously by W. Q. Judge. In 1936, The Theosophical Path was combined with The Forum.

The Mysteries of Antiquity. Pamphlet of the School of Antiquity. Point Loma: Theos. Publishing Co., 1904.

A Churchman s Attack on Theosophy Answered and Criticized by a Theosophist. Point Loma: Theos. Publishing Co., 1905.

“Is Reincarnation Contrary to Christian Doctrine?” in The Theosophical Path. Point Loma, Calif. Vol. VI, September, 1914, pp. 182-204.

“H. P. Blavatsky, the Mystery,” in The Theosophical Path, Vol. XXXVI, April, 1929—Vol. XXXIX, January, 1931. Written in collaboration with Katherine Tingley. Republished in bookform by Point Loma Publications, Inc., San Diego, Calif., 1974; xviii + 242 pp.

Questions We All Ask. Lectures in the Temple of Peace, Point Loma, Calif. Series One: October 1, 1929— August 22, 1930. Series Two: September 1, 1930—April 13, 1931. Published at first as weekly pamphlets; later as three volumes.

The Bhagavad-Gita. Translated from the Sanskrit. Published serially in the Theosophical Club magazine Lucifer, Vols. I-III, January, 1930—November, 1932.

Researches into Nature, by Lucius Annaeus Seneca. Translated from the Latin text by Haase, Breslau, 1877. Published in The Theosophical Path, beginning with April, 1930.

Theosophy and Modern Science. Temple Lectures delivered in 1927. Point Loma: Theos. University Press, 1930. Two Volumes. Revised and condensed in One Volume as Man in Evolution, published in 1941; 2nd impr. 1947; 2nd and rev. ed., with new Appendices by C. J. Ryan and Blair A. Moffett.

Golden Precepts of Esotericism. Point Loma, Calif.; Theos. University Press, 1931; 2nd rev. ed., 1935; 3rd rev. and edited ed., Point Loma Publications, Inc., 1971.

Fundamentals of the Esoteric Philosophy. Edited by A. Trevor Barker. Originally Lectures delivered to members of the Esoteric Section in 1924-27. London: Rider & Co., 1932, xvii + 555; 2nd pr. 1947. 2nd and revised edition, Pasadena, Calif., Theosophical University Press, 1979. Includes the first two lectures which were inadvertently omitted in the first edition; re-drawn diagrams; enlarged index.

Occult Glossary. A Compendium of Oriental and Theosophical Terms. London: Rider & Co., 1933, 192 pp. Reprinted 1953 and 1956 by Theos. Univ. Press, Pasadena, Calif.

The Esoteric Tradition. Point Loma, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1935. Two Volumes, 1109 pp., copious Index. Second Edition, 1940.

Messages to Conventions. On the Policies, Work and Purposes of the T.S. (posthumously published). Covina, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1943, viii + 251 pp.

Wind of the Spirit. A selection of Talks on Theosophy as related primarily to Human Life and Human Problems (posthumously published). Covina, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1944, x + 254 pp. Second edition: Point Loma Publications, Inc., 1971.

Studies in Occult Philosophy. Compiled by W. Emmett Small and Helen Savage (posthumously published). Covina, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1945, xv + 744 pp. Copious Index.

The Dialogues of G. de Purucker. Report of Sessions of the Katherine Tingley Memorial Group, somewhat edited and abbreviated from the original privately printed instructions which began in November, 1929. Covina, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1948. Three Volumes fully indexed.

F ountain-Source of Occultism. Edited by Grace F. Knoche. Somewhat abbreviated text from the original 12 booklets issued for the students of the Esoteric Section in 1936. Contains some of the most profound teachings of the Esoteric Philosophy on the nature and structure of the universe and man. Pasadena, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1974; xvi + 744 pp. Copious Index.

The Four Sacred Seasons. Special teachings given at Point Loma during 'the gatherings held at the Four Sacred Seasons of the year, and never before published. Deals with esoteric facts of nature unobtainable anywhere else. Pasadena, Calif.: Theos. University Press, 1979: x + 87 pp.

Word Wisdom in the Esoteric Tradition. A Series of Classes in Basic Theosophical Teaching. Verbatim reporting of seven class lectures given in 1913-14; San Diego, Calif.: Point Loma Publications, Inc., 1980; 159 pp.

Several small booklets have also been compiled from the teachings of Dr. de Purucker by some of his students, such as: The Story of Jesus (1938); The Masters and the Path of Occultism (1939), and others.

The writings of Dr. de Purucker cover the entire scope and breadth of the Esoteric Philosophy and have been declared by some as second to those of H.P.B. herself. They are presented in a systematic form, often with great detail, and are couched in both a scientific and philosophical terminology. Their carefully worded explanations, their authoritative character and the unimpeachable source which they have been drawn from, make them stand as a unique outline of the ancient Gnosis, also known as Brahmavidya.

'''Puysegur, Armand-Marie-Jacques de Chastenet''', marquis de (1752-1825). French military man and, later in life, student of magnetism and mesmerism, as well as writer of dramatic productions. He was one of the first researchers of magnetic somnambulism concerning which he wrote several essays. He was subjected to persecution and even imprisonment during the Revolution, and at a later epoch helped materially some of those who had lost their possessions.