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- 2. Said the Earth, “ Lord of the Shining Face (the Sun) my house is empty. . . . Send thy sons to people this wheel (Earth). Thou hast sent thy seven sons to the Lord of Wisdom (a). Seven times doth He see thee nearer to Himself ; seven times more doth He feel thee. Thou hast forbidden Thy servants, the small rings, to catch Thy light and heat, Thy great Bounty to intercept on its passage (b). Send now to Thy servant the same! ” (c).
(a) The “ Lord of Wisdom ” is Mercury, or Budha.
(b) The modern Commentary explains the words as a reference to a well-known astromical fact, “ that Mercury receives seven times more
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light and heat from the Sun than Earth, or even the beautiful Venus, which receives but twice that amount more than our insignificant Globe.” Whether the fact was known in antiquity may be inferred from the prayer of the “ Earth Spirit ” to the Sun as given in the text. * The Sun, however, refuses to people the globe, as it is not ready to receive life as yet.
Mercury is, as an astrological planet, still more occult and mysterious than Venus. It is identical with the Mazdean Mithra, the genius, or god, “ established between the Sun and the Moon, the perpetual companion of ‘ Sun ’ of Wisdom.” Pausanias shows him as having an altar in common with Jupiter (Book V). He had wings to express his attendance upon the Sun in its course ; and he was called the Nuntis, or Sun-wolf, “ solaris luminis particeps.” He was the leader of and the evocator of Souls, the “ great Magician ” and the Hierophant. Virgil depicts him as taking “ his wand to evoke from Orcus the souls plunged therein ” — tum virgam capit, hac animas ille evocat Orco. (See also the 21st Fargard of the Vendidad on the celestial militia.) He is the golden-coloured Mercury, the χρυσοφαὴς ῾Ερμῆς whom the Hierophants forbade to name. He is symbolised in Grecian mythology by one of the dogs (vigilance), which watch over the celestial flock (occult wisdom), or Hermes Anubis, or again Agathodæmon. He is the Argus watching over the Earth, and which the latter mistakes for the Sun itself. It is through the intercession of Mercury that the Emperor Julian prayed to the Occult Sun every night ; for, as says Vossius : “ All the theologians agree to say that Mercury and the Sun are one. . . . He was the most eloquent and the most wise of all the gods, which is not to be wondered at, since Mercury is in such close proximity to the Wisdom and the Word of God (the Sun) that he was confused with both.” (Idolatry, Vol. II., p. 373.) Vossius utters here a greater occult truth than he suspected. The Hermes-Sarameyas of the Greeks is closely related to the Hindu Saram and Sarameya, the divine watchman, “ who watches over the golden flock of stars and solar rays.”
In the clearer words of the Commentary : —
“ The Globe, propelled onward by the Spirit of the Earth and his six assistants,
* Copernicus wrote his theories on the “ Revolution of the Heavenly Bodies ” in the XVIth century, and the Zohar, even if compiled by Moses de Leon in the XIIIth century, states that : “ In the book of Hammannunah, the Old, we learn . . . that the earth turns upon itself in the form of a circle ; that some are on top, the others below, . . . . that there are some countries which are lightened, whilst others are in darkness ; these have the day, when for the former it is night ; and there are countries in which it is constantly day, or in which at least the night continues only some instants.” (Zohar iii., fol. 10a “ Qabbalah,” p. 139.)
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gets all its vital forces, life, and powers through the medium of the seven planetary Dhyanis from the Spirit of the Sun. They are his messengers of Light and Life.”
“ Like each of the seven regions of the Earth, each of the seven * First-born (the primordial human groups) receives its light and life from its own especial Dhyani — spiritually, and from the palace (house, the planet) of that Dhyani physically ; so with the seven great Races to be born on it. The first is born under the Sun ; the second under Brihaspati ( Jupiter) ; the third under Lohitanga (the “ fiery-bodied,” Venus, or Sukra) ; the fourth, under Soma (the Moon, our Globe also, the Fourth Sphere being born under and from the Moon) and Sani, Saturn † the Krura-lochana (evil-eyed) and the Asita (the dark) ; the fifth, under Budha (Mercury).”
“ So also with man and every ‘ man ’ in man (every principle). Each gets its specific quality from its primary (the planetary spirit), therefore every man is a septenate (or a combination of principles, each having its origin in a quality of that special Dhyani). Every active power or force of the earth comes to her from one of the seven Lords. Light comes through Sukra (Venus), who receives a triple supply, and gives one-third of it to the Earth. Therefore the two are called ‘ Twin-sisters,’ but the Spirit of the Earth is subservient to the ‘ Lord ’ of Sukra. Our wise men represent the two Globes, one over, the other under the double Sign (the primeval Svastica bereft of its four arms, or the cross ).” ‡
The “ double sign ” is, as every student of Occultism knows, the symbol of the male and the female principles in Nature, of the positive and the negative, for the Svastica or 
is all that and much more.
All antiquity, ever since the birth of Astronomy — imparted to the Fourth Race by one of its divine kings of the Divine Dynasty — and
* Science teaches that Venus receives from the sun twice as much light and heat as the earth. Thus the planet, precursor of the dawn and the twilight, the most radiant of all the planets, said to give the earth one-third of the supply she receives, has two parts left for herself. This has an occult as well as an astronomical meaning.
† “ As it is above so it is below ” is the fundamental axiom of occult philosophy. As the logos is seven-fold, i.e., throughout Kosmos it appears as seven logoi under seven different forms, or, as taught by learned Brahmins, “ each of these is the central figure of one of the seven main branches of the ancient wisdom religion ; ” and, as the seven principles which correspond to the seven distinct states of Pragna, or consciousness, are allied to seven states of matter and the seven forms of force, the division must be the same in all that concerns the earth.
‡ Venus is thus 
the Earth 
.
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also of Astrology, represented Venus in its astronomical tables as a Globe poised over a Cross, and the Earth, as a Globe under a Cross. The esoteric meaning of this is : “ Earth fallen into generation, or into the production of its species through sexual union.” But the later Western nations did not fail to give quite a different interpretation. They explained this sign through their mystics — guided by the light of the Latin Church — as meaning that our Earth and all on it were redeemed by the Cross, while Venus (otherwise Lucifer or Satan) was trampling upon it. Venus is the most occult, powerful, and mysterious of all the planets ; the one whose influence upon, and relation to the Earth is most prominent. In exoteric Brahmanism, Venus or Sukra — a male deity * — is the son of Bhrigu, one of the Prajâpati and a Vedic sage, and is Daitya-Guru, or the priest-instructor of the primeval giants. The whole history of “ Sukra ” in the Purânas, refers to the Third and to the Fourth Races.
“ It is through Sukra that the ‘ double ones ’ ( the Hermaphrodites ) of the Third
(Root-Race) descended from the first ‘ Sweat-born,’ ” says the Commentary. Therefore it is represented under the symbol of 
(the circle and diameter) during the Third (Race) and of 
during the Fourth.
This needs explanation. The diameter, when found isolated in a circle, stands for female nature, for the first ideal World, self-generated and self-impregnated by the universally diffused Spirit of Life — referring thus to the primitive Root-Race also. It becomes androgynous as the Races and all on Earth develop into their physical forms, and the symbol is transformed into a circle with a diameter from which runs a vertical line : expressive of male and female, not separated as yet — the first and earliest Egyptian Tau 
; after which it becomes 
, or male-female separated † (See first pp. of Book I) and fallen into generation. Venus (the planet) is symbolised by the sign of a globe over the cross, which shows it as presiding over the natural generation of man. The Egyptians symbolised Ank, “ life,” by the ansated cross, or 
, which is only another form of Venus (Isis) , and meant, esoterically, that mankind and all animal life had stepped out of the divine spiritual circle and fallen into physical male and female generation. This sign, from the end of the Third Race, has the same phallic significance as the “ tree
* In the esoteric philosophy it is male and female, or hermaphrodite ; hence the bearded Venus in mythology.
† Therefore, putting aside its religio-metaphysical aspect, the Cross of the Christians is symbolically far more phallic than the pagan Svastica.
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of life ” in Eden. Anouki, a form of Isis, is the goddess of life ; and Ank was taken by the Hebrews from the Egyptians and introduced by Moses, one learned in the Wisdom of the priests of Egypt, with many other mystical words. The word Ank in Hebrew, with the personal suffix, means “ my life,” my being, which “ is the personal pronoun Anochi,” from the name of the Egyptian goddess Anouki. *
In one of the most ancient Catechisms of Southern India, Madras Presidency, the hermaphrodite goddess Adanari (see also “ Indian Pantheon ”) has the ansated cross, the Svastica, the “ male and female sign,” right in the central part, to denote the pre-sexual state of the Third Race. Vishnu, who is now represented with a lotus growing out of his navel — or the Universe of Brahmâ evolving out of the central point Nara — is shown in one of the oldest carvings as double-sexed (Vishnu and Lakshmi) standing on a lotus-leaf floating on the water ; which water rises in a semicircle and pours through the Svastica, “ the source of generation ” or of the descent of man.
Pythagoras calls Sukra-Venus the Sol alter, “ the other Sun.” Of the “ seven palaces of the Sun,” that of Lucifer Venus is the third one in Christian and Jewish Kabala, the Zohar making of it the abode of Samael. According to the Occult Doctrine, this planet is our Earth’s primary, and its spiritual prototype. Hence, Sukra’s car (Venus-Lucifer’s) is said to be drawn by an ogdoad of “ earth-born horses,” while the steeds of the chariots of the other planets are different.
“ Every sin committed on Earth is felt by Usanas-Sukra. The Guru of the Daityas is the Guardian Spirit of the Earth and Men. Every change on Sukra is felt on, and reflected by, the Earth.”
Sukra, or Venus, is thus represented as the preceptor of the Daityas, the giants of the Fourth Race, who, in the Hindu allegory, obtained at one time the sovereignty of all the Earth, and defeated the minor gods. The Titans of the Western allegory are as closely connected with Venus-Lucifer, identified by later Christians with Satan. Therefore, as Venus, equally with Isis, was represented with Cow’s horns on her head, the symbol of mystic Nature, and one that is convertible with, and significant of, the moon, since all these were lunar goddesses, the configuration of this planet is now placed by theologians between the horns of the mystic Lucifer. † It is owing to the fanciful interpretation of the
* The ansated Cross is the astronomical planetary sign of Venus, “ signifying the existence of parturient energy in the sexual sense, and this was one of the attributes of Isis, the Mother, of Eve, Hauvah, or Mother-Earth, and was so recognised among all the ancient peoples in one or another mode of expression.” (From a modern Kabalistic MS.)
† Athenaeus shows that the first letter of Satan’s name was represented in days of old by an arc and crescent ; and some Roman Catholics, good and kind men, would persuade the public that it is in honour of Lucifer’s crescent-like horns that Mussulmen
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archaic tradition, which states that Venus changes simultaneously (geologically) with the Earth ; that whatever takes place on the one takes place on the other ; and that many and great were their common changes — it is for these reasons that St. Augustine repeats it, applying the several changes of configuration, colour, and even of the orbital paths, to that theologically-woven character of Venus-Lucifer. He even goes so far in his pious fancy as to connect the last changes of the planet with the Noachian and mythical Deluge alleged to have taken place 1796 year b.c. (See “ City of God ” lxxi., ch. viii.).
As Venus has no satellites, it is stated allegorically, that “ Asphujit ” (this “ planet ”) adopted the Earth, the progeny of the Moon, “ who overgrew its parent and gave much trouble,” a reference to the occult connection between the two. The Regent (of the planet) Sukra * loved his adopted child so well that he incarnated as Usanas and gave it perfect laws, which were disregarded and rejected in later ages. Another allegory, in Harivansa, is that Sukra went to Siva asking him to protect his pupils, the Daityas and Asuras, from the fighting gods ; and that to further his object he performed a Yoga rite “ imbibing the smoke of chaff with his head downwards for 1,000 years.” This refers to the great inclination of the axis of Venus (amounting to 50 degrees), and to its being enveloped in eternal clouds. But it relates only to the physical constitution of the planet. It is with its Regent, the informing Dhyan Chohan,
have chosen the Crescent for their national arms. Venus has always been identified, since the establishment of Roman Catholic dogmatism, with Satan and Lucifer, or the great Dragon, contrary to all reason and logic. As shown by the symbologists and astronomers, the association between the serpent and the idea of darkness had an astronomical foundation. The position which the constellation of Draco at one time occupied showed that the great serpent was the ruler of the night. This constellation was formerly at the very centre of the heavens, and is so extensive that it was called the Great Dragon. Its body spreads over seven signs of the Zodiac ; and Dupuis, “ who,” says Staniland Wake, “ sees in the Dragon of the Apocalypse a reference to the celestial serpent,” remarks that “ it is not astonishing that a constellation so extended should be represented by the author of that book as a Great Dragon with seven heads, who drew the third part of the stars from heaven and cast them to Earth ; ” (Dupuis, tome III., p. 255). Only Dupuis never knew why Draco, once the pole-star — the symbol of “ Guide,” Guru and director — had been thus degraded by posterity “ The gods of our fathers are our devils,” says an Asiatic proverb. When Draco ceased to be the lode-star, the guiding sidereal divinity, it shared the fate of all the fallen gods. Seth and Typhon was at one time, Bunsen tells us, “ a great god universally adored throughout Egypt, who conferred on the sovereigns of the 18th and 19th Dynasties the symbols of life and power. But subsequently, in the course of the 20th Dynasty, he is suddenly treated as an evil Demon, insomuch that his effigies and name are obliterated on all the monuments and inscriptions that could be reached.” The real occult reason will be given in these pages.
* Sukra is the son of Bhrigu the great Rishi, and one of the Seven Prajâpati, the founder of the Race of Bhargavas, in which Parasu Râma is born.
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that Occult mysticism has to deal. The allegory which states that for killing Sukra’s mother, Vishnu was cursed by him to be reborn seven times on the Earth, is full of occult philosophical meaning. It does not refer to Vishnu’s Avatars, since these number nine, the tenth being still to come, but to the Races on Earth. Venus, or Lucifer (also Sukra and Usanas) the planet, is the light-bearer of our Earth, in both its physical and mystic sense. The Christians knew it well in early times, since one of the earliest popes of Rome is known by his Pontiff name as Lucifer.
“ Every world has its parent star and sister planet. Thus Earth is the adopted child and younger brother of Venus, but its inhabitants are of their own kind. . . . All sentient complete beings (full septenary men or higher beings) are furnished, in their beginnings, with forms and organisms in full harmony with the nature and state of the sphere they inhabit.” *
“ The Spheres of Being, or centres of life, which are isolated nuclei breeding their men and their animals, are numberless ; not one has any resemblance to its sister-companion or to any other in its own special progeny.” †
“ All have a double physical and spiritual nature.”
“ The nucleoles are eternal and everlasting ; the nuclei periodical and finite. The nucleoles form part of the absolute. They are the embrasures of that black impenetrable fortress, which is for ever concealed from human or even Dhyanic sight. The nuclei are the light of eternity escaping therefrom.”
“ It is that Light which condenses into the forms of the ‘ Lords of Being ’ — the first and the highest of which are, collectively, Jivâtma, or Pratyagâtma (said figuratively to issue from Paramâtma. It is the Logos of the Greek philosophers — appearing at the beginning of every new Manvantara). From these downwards — formed from the ever-consolidating waves of that light, which becomes on the objective plane gross matter — proceed the numerous hierarchies of the Creative Forces, some formless, others having their
* This is a flat contradiction of Swedenborg, who saw, in “ the first Earth of the astral world,” inhabitants dressed as are the peasants in Europe ; and on the Fourth Earth women clad as are the shepherdesses in a bal masqué. Even the famous astronomer Huygens laboured under the mistaken idea that other worlds and planets have the same identical beings as those who live on our Earth, possessing the same figures, senses, brain-power, arts, sciences, dwellings and even to the same fabric for their wearing apparel ! (Théorie du Monde). For the clearer comprehension of the statement that the Earth “ is the progeny of the Moon,” see Book I., stanza VI.
† This is a modern gloss. It is added to the old Commentaries for the clearer comprehension of those disciples who study esoteric Cosmogony after having passed through Western learning. The earlier Glosses are too redundant with adjectives and figures of speech to be easily assimilated.
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own distinctive form, others, again, the lowest (Elementals), having no form of their own, but assuming every form according to the surrounding conditions.”
“ Thus there is but one Absolute Upadhi (basis) in the spiritual sense, from, on, and in which, are built for Manvantaric purposes the countless basic centres on which proceed the Universal, cyclic, and individual Evolutions during the active period.”
“ The informing Intelligences, which animate these various centres of Being, are referred to indiscriminately by men beyond the Great Range * as the Manus, the Rishis, the Pitris †, the Prajâpati, and so on ; and as Dhyani Buddhas, the Chohans, Melhas (fire-gods), Bodhisattvas, ‡ and others, on this side. The truly ignorant call them gods ; the learned profane, the one God ; and the wise, the Initiates, honour in them only the Manvantaric manifestations of that which neither our Creators (the Dhyan Chohans) nor their creatures can ever discuss or know anything about. The absolute is not to be defined, and no mortal or immortal has ever seen or comprehended it during the periods of Existence. The mutable cannot know the Immutable, nor can that which lives perceive Absolute Life.”
“ Therefore, man cannot know higher beings than his own “ progenitors.” “ Nor shall he worship them,” but he ought to learn how he came into the world.
(c) Number Seven, the fundamental figure among all other figures in every national religious system, from Cosmogony down to man, must have its raison d’être. It is found among the ancient Americans, as prominently as among the archaic Aryans and Egyptians. The question will be fully dealt with in the second part of this Book ; meanwhile a few facts may be given here. Says the author of the “ Sacred Mysteries among the Mayas and Quiches, 11,500 years ago ” § : —
* “ Beyond ” the Great Range, means, in our case, India, as being the Trans-Himalayan region for the Cis-Himalayan region.
† The term Pitris is used by us in these Slokas to facilitate their comprehension, but it is not so used in the original Stanzas, where they have distinct appellations of their own, besides being called “ Fathers ” and “ Progenitors.”
‡ It is erroneous to take literally the worship of the human Bodhisattvas, or Manjusri. It is true that, exoterically, the Mahâyâna school teaches adoration of these without distinction, and that Huien-Tsang speaks of some disciples of Buddha as being worshipped. But esoterically it is not the disciple or the learned Manjusri personally that received honours, but the divine Bodhisattvas and Dhyani Buddhas that animated ( Amilakha, as the Mongolians say) the human forms.
§ The author of this work is Augustus Le Plongeon. He and his wife are well known in the United States for their untiring labours in Central America. It is they who discovered the sepulchre of the royal Kan Coh, at Cichen-Itza. The author
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“ Seven seems to have been the sacred number par excellence among all civilised nations of antiquity. Why ? Each separate people has given a different explanation, according to the peculiar tenets of their (exoteric) religion. That it was the number of numbers for those initiated into the sacred mysteries, there can be no doubt. Pythagoras . . . calls it the ‘ Vehicle of Life ’ containing body and soul, since it is formed of a Quaternary, that is Wisdom and intellect, and of a Trinity or action and matter. The Emperor Julian, ‘ In matrem, etc.,’ expresses himself thus : ‘ Were I to touch upon the initiation into our Sacred Mysteries, which the Chaldees Bacchized, respecting the seven-rayed god, lighting up the soul through him, I should say things unknown to the rabble, very unknown, but well known to the blessed Theurgists ’ ” (p. 141).
And who, acquainted with the Purânas, the Book of the Dead, the Zendavesta, the Assyrian tiles, and finally the Bible, and who has observed the constant occurrence of the number seven, in these records of people living from the remotest times unconnected and so far apart, can regard as a coincidence the following fact, given by the same explorer of ancient Mysteries ? Speaking of the prevalence of seven as a mystic number, among the inhabitants of the “ Western continent ” (of America), he adds that it is not less remarkable. For : —
“ It frequently occurs in the Popul-vuh . . . we find it besides in the seven families said by Sahagun and Clavigero to have accompanied the mystical personage named Votan, the reputed founder of the great city of Nachan, identified by some with Palenque. In the seven caves * from which the ancestors of the Nahuatl are reported to have emerged. In the seven cities of Cibola, described by Coronado and Niza. . . . In the seven Antilles ; in the seven heroes who, we are told, escaped the Deluge . . . .”
“ Heroes,” moreover, whose number is found the same in every “ Deluge ” story — from the seven Rishis who were saved with Vaivasvata Manu, down to Noah’s ark, into which beasts, fowls, and living creatures were taken by “ Sevens.” Thus we see the figures 1, 3, 5, 7, as perfect, because thoroughly mystic, numbers playing a prominent part in every Cosmogony and evolution of living Beings. In China, 1, 3, 5, 7, are called “ celestial numbers ” in the canonical “ Book of Changes.” (Yi King, or transformation, as in “ Evolution ”).
The explanation of it becomes evident when one examines the ancient
seems to believe and to seek to prove that the esoteric learning of the Aryans and the Egyptians was derived from the Mayas. But, although certainly coeval with Plato’s Atlantis, the Mayas belonged to the Fifth Continent, which was preceded by Atlantis and Lemuria.
* These seven caves, seven cities, etc., etc., stand in every case for the seven centres, or zones, upon which the seven primitive groups of the first Root-race were born.
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Symbols : all these are based upon and start from the figures given from the Archaic Manuscript in the proem of Book I. , the symbol of evolution and fall into generation or matter, is reflected in the old Mexican sculptures or paintings, as it is in the Kabalistic Sephiroth, and the Egyptian Tau. Examine the Mexican MSS ( Add. MSS. Brit. Mus. 9789) * ; you will find in it a tree whose trunk is covered with ten fruits ready to be plucked by a male and female, one on each side of it, while from the top of the trunk two branches shoot horizontally to the right and left, thus forming a perfect (tau), the ends of the two branches, moreover, each bearing a triple bunch, with a bird — the bird of immortality, Atman or the divine Spirit — sitting between the two, and thus making the seventh. This represents the same idea as the Sephirothal Tree, ten in all, yet, when separated from its upper triad, leaving Seven. These are the celestial fruits, the ten or 
10, born out of the two invisible male and female seeds, making up the 12, or the Dodecahedron of the Universe. The mystic system contains the •, the central point ; the 3 or 
; the five, 
, and the seven or 
, or again 
; the triangle in the square and the synthesizing point in the interlaced double triangles. This for the world of the archetypes. The phenomenal world receives its culmination and the reflex of all in Man. Therefore he is the mystic square — in his metaphysical aspect — the Tetraktis ; and becomes the Cube on the creative plain. His symbol is the cube unfolded † and 6 becoming 7, or the 
, three crossways (the female) and four vertically ; and this is man, the culmination of the deity on Earth, whose body is the cross of flesh, on, through, and in which he is ever crucifying and putting to death the divine Logos or his Higher Self.
“ The universe,” says every Philosophy and Cosmogony, “ hath a Ruler (Rulers collectively) set over it, which is called the Word (Logos) ; the fabricating Spirit is its Queen : which two are the First Power after the One.”
These are the Spirit and Nature, which two form our illusory universe. The two inseparables remain in the Universe of Ideas so long as it lasts, and then merge back into Parabrahm, the One ever changeless. “ The Spirit, whose essence is eternal, one and self-existent,” emanates a pure ethereal light — a dual light not perceptible to the elementary senses — in the Purânas, in the Bible, in the Sepher
* The engraving is reproduced in the “ Sacred Mysteries of the Mayas and Quiches ” on p. 134.
† See “ Source of Measures ” p. 50 to 53 and also Book II. Part 2.
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Jezirah, the Greek and Latin hymns, in the Book of Hermes, in the Chaldean Book of Numbers, in the esotericism of Lao-tse, everywhere. In the Kabala, which explains the secret meaning of Genesis, this light is the dual-man, or the Androgyne (rather the sexless) angels, whose generic name is Adam Kadmon. It is they who complete man, whose ethereal form is emanated by other divine, but far lower beings, who solidify the body with clay, or the “ dust of the ground ” — an allegory indeed, but as scientific as any Darwinian evolution and more true.
The author of the “ Source of Measures ” says that the foundation of the Kabala and all its mystic books is made to rest upon the ten Sephiroth ; which is a fundamental truth. * He shows these ten Sephiroth or the ten numbers in the following diagram : —
wherein the circle is the naught, its vertical diameter line is the first or primal one (the Word or Logos), from which springs the series of the other numbers up to 9, the limit of the digits. The 10 is the first Divine Manifestation † containing “ every possible power of exact expression of proportion.” By this Kabalistic speculation we are taught that the Sephiroth “ were the numbers or emanations of the Heavenly Light (figures 20612 to 6561), they were the 10 ‘ Words,’ dbrim, 41224, the light, of which they were the flux, was the Heavenly Man, the Adam kdm (the 144-144) ; and the Light, by the New Testament or Covenant (or 41224) created God ; just as, by the Old Testament God (Alhim, 31415) creates light (20612 to 6561).”
Now there are three kinds of light in Occultism, as in the Kabala.
(1) The Abstract and Absolute Light, which is Darkness ; (2) The Light of the Manifested-Unmanifested, called by some the Logos : and
(3) The latter light reflected in the Dhyan Chohans, the minor logoi (the Elohim, collectively), who, in their turn, shed it on the objective Universe. But in the Kabala — re-edited and carefully adjusted to fit the Christian tenets by the Kabalists of the XIII. century — the three lights are described as : — (1) The clear and penetrating, that of Jehovah ; (2) reflected light ; and (3) light in the abstract. “ This light abstractly taken (in a metaphysical or symbolical sense) is Alhim (Elohim God),
* See “ Masonic Review,” Cincinnati, June 1886, Art. Kabala No. 6.
† See “ Isis Unveiled,” Vol. II., pp. 300 et seq., for a proof of the antiquity of the decimal system of figures.
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while the clear penetrating light is Jehovah. The light of Alhim belongs to the world in general, in its allness and general fulness, but the light of Jehovah is that pertaining to the chiefest production, man, whom this light penetrated and made.” The author of the “ Source of Measures ” pertinently refers the reader to Inman’s “ Ancient Faiths embodied in Ancient Names,” vol. ii., p. 648. There, an engraving of “ the vesica piscis, Mary and the female emblem, copied from a rosary of the blessed Virgin . . . . printed at Venice, 1542,” and therefore, as Inman remarks, “ with a license from the Inquisition, consequently orthodox,” will show the reader what the Latin Church understood by this “ penetrating power of light and its effects.” How sadly disfigured — applied as they were to the grossest anthropomorphic conceptions — have become, under Christian interpretation, the noblest and grandest, as the most exalted, ideas of deity of the Eastern philosophy !
The Occultists call this light Daiviprakriti in the East, and light of Christos in the West. It is the light of the logos, the direct reflection of the ever Unknowable on the plane of Universal manifestation. But here is the interpretation thereof given by the modern Christians from the Kabala. As declared by the author just cited : —
“ To the fulness of the world in general with its chiefest content, man, the term Elohim-Jehovah applies. In extracts from the Zohar, the Rev. Dr. Cassell (a Kabalist), to prove that the Cabbalah sets forth the doctrine of the Trinity, among other things says : ‘ Jehovah is Elohim (Alhim) . . . by three steps God (Alhim), and Jehovah become the same, and though separated each and together, they are of the same one.’ ” Similarly, Vishnu becomes the Sun, the visible symbol of the impersonal deity. Vishnu is described as “ striding through the seven regions of the Universe in three steps.” But with the Hindus this is an exoteric account, a surface tenet and an allegory, while the Kabalists give it out as the esoteric and final meaning. But to proceed : —
“ Now light,” explains the author, “ as shown, is 20612 to 6561, as the proper enunciation of the integral and numerical relation of diameter to circumference of a circle. God (Alhim, i.e., 3.1415 to one, a modified form of the above) is the reduction of this, so as to obtain a standard unit one, as the basis, in general, of all calculation and all mensuration. But, for the production of animal life, and for especial time measure or the lunar year, that influence which causes conception and embryotic development, the numbers of the Jehovah measure (‘ man even Jehovah ’ measure), viz. 113 to 355, have to be specialised. * But this last ratio is but a modified form of light or 20612 to 6561, as a ‘ π ’ value, being only a variation of the same (that is 20612 to 6561 is 31415 to one, or Alhim or God) — and in such a manner that one can be made
* See “ Source of Measures,” pp. 276, et seq. App. VII.
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to flow into and be derived from the other, and these are the three steps by which the Unity and sameness can be shown of the divine names. That is, the two are but variations of the same ratio, viz., that of ‘ π.’ The object of this comment is to show the same measuring use for the Cabbalah as was employed in the three Covenants of the Bible, and in the symbols of Masonry, as just noticed.”
“ First then, the Sephiroth are described as Light, that is, they themselves are a function of, indeed, the same as, the manifestation of Ain-Soph ; and they are so from the fact that Light represents the ratio of 20612 to 6561, as part of the ‘ Words,’ dbrim, 41224, or as to the Word, Debar, 206 (=10 cubits).Light is so much the burden of the Kabbalah, in explaining the Sephiroth, that the most famous book on the Kabbalah is called Zohar or Light. In this we find expressions of this kind : — ‘ The Infinite was entirely unknown and diffused no light before the luminous point violently broke through into vision . . . .’ ‘ When he first assumed the form (of the Crown, or the first Sephira), he caused 9 splendid lights to emanate from it, which, shining through it, diffused a bright light in all directions ’ : that is, these 9 with his one (which was the origin, as above, of the nine), together made the 10, that is or 
, or the sacred Ten ( numbers or Sephiroth ), or Jod — and these numbers were ‘ the Light.’ Just as in the Gospel of St. John, God (Alhim, 31415 to one) was that light (20612 to 6561) by which (Light) all things were made.”
In Sepher Jezirah, or Numbers of Creation, the whole process of evolution is given out in Numbers. In its “ 32 paths of Wisdom ” the number 3 is repeated four times, and the number 4 five times. Therefore, the Wisdom of God is contained in numbers (Sephrim or Sephiroth), for Sepher (or S-ph-ra when unvowelled) means “ to cipher.” And therefore, also, we find Plato stating that the deity geometrizes in fabricating the Universe.
The Kabalistic book, the Sepher Jezirah, opens with a statement of the hidden wisdom of Alhim in Sephrim, i.e., the Elohim in the Sephiroth.
“ In thirty and two paths, hidden wisdom, established Jah, jhvh, Tzabaoth, Elohi of Israel, Alhim of Life, El of Grace and Mercy — exalted, uplifted Dweller on high, and King of Everlasting, and his name — Holy ! in three Sephrim : viz : — B-S’ph-r, V-S’ph-r, V-Siph-o-r.”
“ This Comment sets forth ‘ the Hidden Wisdom ’ of the original text by hidden Wisdom, that is, by the use of words carrying a special set of Numbers and a special phraseology, which will set forth the very explanatory system which we find to fit so accurately in the Hebrew Bible. . . . . In setting forth his scheme, to enforce it, and to finish out his detailed exposition in a general postulate, viz., the one word
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Sephrim (Sephiroth) of the Number Jezirah, the author explains the separation of this word in the three subordinate ones, a play upon a common word s-ph-r, or number.”
The prince Al-Chazari says to the Rabbi * : — “ I wish now that thou wouldest impart to me some of the chiefest or leading principles of Natural Philosophy, which as thou sayest were in former times worked out by them (the Ancient Wise Ones) ” ; to which the Rabbi makes answer : — “ To such principles appertains the Number of Creation of our Race-father Abraham ” (that is Abram and Abraham, or numbers 41224 and 41252). He then says that this book of Number treats of teaching the Alhim-ness and One-ness through, “ dbrim,” viz., the numbers of the Word “ Words.” That is, it teaches the use of the ratio 31415 to one, through 41224, which last, in the description of the Ark of the Covenant, was divided into two parts by two tables of stone, on which these, dbrim or 41224, were written or engraved — or 20612 by 2. He then comments on these three subordinately used words, and takes care as to one of them to make the comment : — “ And Alhim (31415 to 1) said : Let there be Light (20612 to 6561).”
The three words as given in the text are : םפר םפר םיפור And the Rabbi in commenting upon them says : “ It teaches the Alhim-ness (31415) and One-ness (the diameter to Alhim) through Words (dbrim, 41224), by which on the one side there is infinite expression in heterogeneous creations, and on the other a final harmonic tendency to One-ness ” (which as everyone knows is the mathematical function of “ π ” of the schools, which measures, and weighs and numbers the stars of heaven, and yet resolves them back into the final Oneness of the Universe through Words). “ Their final accord perfects itself in that One-ness that ordains them and which consists in םפר םפר םפור (Book of Al-Chazari), that is the Rabbi, in his first comment, leaves the jod, or i, out of one of the words, whereas afterwards he restores it again. If we take the values of those subordinate words, we find them to be 340, 340, 346 ; together these are 1026, and the division of the general word into these has been to produce these numbers, which by Temurah may be changed in various ways for various purposes.” (Kabala.)
The reader is asked to turn to Stanza IV. of Book i. and its fourth commentary to find that the 3, 4 — (7), and the thrice seven, or 1065, the number of Jehovah, is the number of the 21 Prajâpati mentioned in the Mahabhârata, or the three Sephrim (words in cipher or figures). And this comparison between the Creative Powers of Archaic philosophy and the anthropomorphic Creator of exoteric Judaism (since their esotericism shows its identity with the Secret Doctrine) will lead the student to perceive and discover that, in truth, Jehovah is but a lunar and
* In the “ Book Al-Chazari ” by Jehuda-ha-Levi, translated by Dr. D. Cassell.
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“ generation ” god. (See Book 1, Part 2, “ Deus Lunus.”) It is a fact well known to every conscientious student of the Kabala, that the deeper he dives into it, the more he feels convinced that unless the Kabala — or what is left of it — is read by the light of the Eastern esoteric philosophy, its study leads only to the discovery that, on the lines traced by exoteric Judaism and Christianity, the monotheism of both is nothing more exalted than ancient Astrolatry, now vindicated by modern Astronomy. The Kabalists never cease to repeat that primal intelligence can never be understood. It cannot be comprehended, nor can it be located, therefore it has to remain nameless and negative. Hence the Ain-Soph — the “ unknowable ” and the “ unnameable ” — which, as it could not be made manifest, was conceived to emanate manifesting Powers. It is then with its emanations alone that human intellect has to, and can deal. Christian theology, having rejected the doctrine of emanations and replaced them with direct, conscious creations of angels and the rest out of nothing, now finds itself hopelessly stranded between Supernaturalism, or miracle, and materialism. An extra-cosmic god is fatal to philosophy, an intra-cosmic Deity — i.e. Spirit and matter inseparable from each other — is a philosophical necessity. Separate them and that which is left is a gross superstition under a mask of emotionalism. But why “ geometrize,” as Plato has it, why represent these emanations under the form of an immense arithmetical table ? The question is well answered by the author just cited. His remarks are quoted in Part II., § “ The Theogony of the Creative Gods.”
“ Mental perception,” he says, “ to become physical perception, must have the Cosmic principle of light : and by this, our mental circle must become visible through light ; or, for its complete manifestation, the Circle must be that of physical visibility, or Light itself. Such conceptions, thus formulated, became the groundwork of the philosophy of the divine manifesting in the Universe.”
This is philosophy. It is otherwise when we find the Rabbi in Al-Chazari saying that “ under s’ph-r is to be understood calculation and weighing of created bodies. For the calculation, by means of which a body must be constructed in harmony or symmetry, by which it must be in construction rightly arranged and made to correspond to the object in design, consists at last in number, extension, mass, weight ; coordinate relation of movements, then harmony of music, must consist altogether by number, that is (S’ph-r). . . By Sippor (s’phor) is to be understood the words of Alhim whereunto joins or adapts itself the design of the frame or form of construction ; for example, it was said ‘ Let Light be.’ The work became as the words were spoken, that is, as the numbers of the work came forth. ”
This is materialising the Spiritual without scruple. But the Kabala
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was not always so well adapted to anthropo-monotheistic conceptions. Compare this with any of the six schools of India. For instance, in Kapila’s “ Sankhya ” Philosophy, unless, allegorically speaking, Purusha mounts on the shoulders of Prakriti, the latter remains irrational, while the former remains inactive without her. Therefore Nature (in man) must become a compound of Spirit and Matter before he becomes what he is ; and the Spirit latent in Matter must be awakened to life and consciousness gradually. The Monad has to pass through its mineral, vegetable and animal forms, before the Light of the Logos is awakened in the animal man. Therefore, till then, the latter cannot be referred to as “ man,” but has to be regarded as a Monad imprisoned in ever changing forms. Evolution, not creation, by means of words is recognized in the philosophies of the East, even in their exoteric records. Ex oriente lux. Even the name of the first man in the Mosaic Bible had its origin in India, Professor Max Müller’s negation notwithstanding. The Jews got their Adam from Chaldea ; and Adam-Adami is a compound word and therefore a manifold symbol, and proves the occult dogmas.
This is no place for philological disquisitions. But the reader may be reminded that the words Ad and Adi mean in Sanskrit “ the first ” ; in Aramæan, “ One ” (Ad-ad, “ the only one ”) ; in Assyrian, “ father ” whence Ak-Ad or “ father-creator.” * And once the statement is found correct it becomes rather difficult to confine Adam to the Mosaic Bible alone, and to see therein simply a Jewish name. Vide Part II. of this Volume, § “ Adam-Adami.”
There is frequent confusion in the attributes and genealogies of the gods in their theogonies, as given to the world by the half-initiated writers, Brahmanical and Biblical, the Alpha and the Omega of the records of that symbolical science. Yet there could be no such confusion made by the earliest nations, the descendants and pupils of the divine instructors : for both the attributes and the genealogies were inseparably linked with cosmogonical symbols, the “ gods ” being the life and animating “ soul-principle ” of the various regions of the Universe. Nowhere and by no people was speculation allowed to range beyond those manifested gods. The boundless and infinite unity remained with every nation a virgin forbidden soil, untrodden by man’s thought,
* The appellation Ak-ad (or Akkadians) is of the same class as Ad-m, Ha-va (Eve) Æd-en (Eden) ; Ak-Ad meaning “ Son of Ad ” (like the sons of Ad in Ancient Arabia). Ad-ad, the “ Only One ” and the First, was the Ad-on or “ Lord ” of Syria and consort of Ad-ar-gat or Aster’t, the Syrian goddess. And Gan-Æden (Eden) or Gandunia was Babylonia and Mesopotamia. In Assyrian Ak meant Creator, the letter K pronounced Kh (Ah) gutturally. According to Swedenborg’s mysticism Adam was not a man but a church (?) of primitive light. In the Vedas Ad-iti is the primitive light, the Akâsa of the phenomenal world.
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untouched by fruitless speculation. The only reference made to it was the brief conception of its diastolic and systolic property, of its periodical expansion or dilatation, and contraction. In the Universe with all its incalculable myriads of systems and worlds disappearing and re-appearing in eternity, the anthropomorphised powers, or gods, their Souls, had to disappear from view with their bodies : — “ The breath returning to the eternal bosom which exhales and inhales them,” says our Catechism.
“ Ideal nature,” the abstract Space in which everything in the Universe is mysteriously and invisibly generated, is the same female side of pro-creative power in Nature in the Vedic as in every other Cosmogony. Aditi is Sephira, and the Sophia-Achamoth of the Gnostics, and Isis, the virgin Mother of Horus. In every Cosmogony, behind and higher than the creative deity, there is a superior deity, a planner, an Architect, of whom the Creator is but the executive agent. And still higher, over and around, within and without, there is the unknowable and the unknown, the Source and Cause of all these Emanations. . . . .
It thus becomes easy to account for the reason why “ Adam-Adami ” is found in the Chaldean scripture, certainly earlier than the Mosaic Books. In Assyrian Ad is the father, and in Aramæan Ad is “ One,” and Ad-ad the “ only one,” while Ak is in Assyrian “ creator.” Thus Ad-am-ak-ad-mon became Adam Kadmon in the Kabala (Zohar), meaning as it did, the “ One (Son) of the divine Father, or the creator,” for the words “ am ” and “ om ” meant at one time in nearly every language the divine, or the deity. Thus Adam Kadmon and Adam-Adami came to mean : — “ The first emanation of the Father-Mother or divine nature,” and literally “ the first divine one.” And it is easy to see that Ad-Argat (or Aster’t, the Syrian goddess, the consort of Ad-on, the lord god of Syria or the Jewish Adonai), and Venus, Isis, Ister, Mylitta, Eve, etc., etc., are identical with the Aditi and Vâch of the Hindus. They are all the “ Mothers of all living ” and “ of the gods.” On the other hand — cosmically and astronomically — all the male gods became at first “ Sun-gods,” then, theologically, the “ Suns of Righteousness ” and the Logoi, all symbolised by the Sun. * They are all Protogonoi (the first-born) and
* Adam-Jehovah, Brahmâ and Mars are, in one sense, identical ; they are all symbols for primitive or initial generative powers for the purposes of human procreation. Adam is red, and so also are Brahmâ-Viraj and Mars — god and planet. Water is the blood of the Earth ; therefore, all these names are connected with Earth and Water. “ It takes earth and water to create a human soul,” says Moses. Mars is identical with Kartikeya God of War (in one sense) — which god is born of the Sweat of Siva, Sivâ Gharmaja and the Earth. In the Mahabhârata he is shown as born without the intervention of a woman. And he is also called “ Lohita,” the red, like Adam, and the other “ first men.” Hence, the author of “ The Source of Measures ” is quite right in thinking that Mars (and all the other gods of like attributes), “ being the god of war and of
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Mikroprosopoi. With the Jews Adam Kadmon was the same as Athamaz, Tamaz, or the Adonis of the Greeks — “ the One with, and of his father ” — the “ Father ” becoming during the later Races Helios, the Sun, as Apollo Karneios, * for instance, who was the “ Sun born ” ; Osiris, Ormazd, and so on, were all followed by, and found themselves transformed later on into still more earthly types : such as Prometheus, the crucified of Mount Kajbee, Hercules, and so many others, sun-gods and heroes, until all of them came to have no better significance than phallic symbols.
In the Zohar it is said “ Man was created by the Sephiroth (Elohim-Javeh, also) and they engendered by common power the earthly Adam.” Therefore in Genesis the Elohim say : — “ Behold Man is become as one of us.” But in Hindu Cosmogony or “ Creation,” Brahmâ-Prajâpati creates Virâj and the Rishis, spiritually ; therefore the latter are distinctly called “ the Mind-born Sons of Brahmâ ” ; and this specified mode of engendering precluded every idea of Phallicism, at any rate in the earlier human nations. This instance well illustrates the respective spirituality of the two nations.