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into the secret mysteries of the {{Style S-Italic|Magi.}} Did the idea never strike the reader of the {{Style S-Italic|Bible,}} that an alien born and brought up in a foreign country {{Style S-Italic|could not}} and {{Style S-Italic|would not}} possibly have been admitted—we will not say to the final initiation, the grandest mystery of all, but even to share the knowledge of the minor priesthood, those who belonged to the {{Style S-Italic|lesser}} mysteries? In {{Style S-Italic|Genesis xliii.}} 32, we read, that no Egyptian could seat himself to eat bread with the brothers of Joseph, “for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians.” But that the Egyptians ate “with {{Style S-Italic|him}} (Joseph) by themselves.” The above proves two things: 1, that Joseph, whatever he was in his heart, had, in appearance at least, changed his religion, married the daughter of a priest of the “idolatrous” nation, and become himself an Egyptian; otherwise, the natives would not have eaten bread with him. And 2, that subsequently Moses, if not an Egyptian by birth, became one through being admitted into the priesthood, and thus was a Sodale. As an induction, the narrative of the “brazen serpent” (the Caduceus of Mercury or Asclepios, the son of the sun-god Apollo-Python) becomes logical and natural. We must bear in mind that Pharaoh’s daughter, who saved Moses and adopted him, is called by Josephus {{Style S-Italic|Thermuthis;}} and the latter, according to Wilkinson, is the name of the {{Style S-Italic|asp}} sacred to Isis;~~[#~~fn836 ~~836]~~ moreover, Moses is said to descend from the tribe of {{Style S-Italic|Levi.}} We will explain the kabalistic ideas as to the books of Moses and the great prophet himself more fully in Volume II.

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{{Style P-No indent|into the secret mysteries of the {{Style S-Italic|Magi.}} Did the idea never strike the reader of the {{Style S-Italic|Bible,}} that an alien born and brought up in a foreign country {{Style S-Italic|could not}} and {{Style S-Italic|would not}} possibly have been admitted—we will not say to the final initiation, the grandest mystery of all, but even to share the knowledge of the minor priesthood, those who belonged to the {{Style S-Italic|lesser}} mysteries? In {{Style S-Italic|Genesis xliii.}} 32, we read, that no Egyptian could seat himself to eat bread with the brothers of Joseph, “for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians.” But that the Egyptians ate “with {{Style S-Italic|him}} (Joseph) by themselves.” The above proves two things: 1, that Joseph, whatever he was in his heart, had, in appearance at least, changed his religion, married the daughter of a priest of the “idolatrous” nation, and become himself an Egyptian; otherwise, the natives would not have eaten bread with him. And 2, that subsequently Moses, if not an Egyptian by birth, became one through being admitted into the priesthood, and thus was a Sodale. As an induction, the narrative of the “brazen serpent” (the Caduceus of Mercury or Asclepios, the son of the sun-god Apollo-Python) becomes logical and natural. We must bear in mind that Pharaoh’s daughter, who saved Moses and adopted him, is called by Josephus {{Style S-Italic|Thermuthis;}} and the latter, according to Wilkinson, is the name of the {{Style S-Italic|asp}} sacred to Isis;{{Footnote mark|*|fn836}} moreover, Moses is said to descend from the tribe of {{Style S-Italic|Levi.}} We will explain the kabalistic ideas as to the books of Moses and the great prophet himself more fully in Volume II.}}

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If Brasseur de Bourbourg and the Chevalier des Mousseaux, had so much at heart to trace the identity of the Mexicans with the Canaanites, they might have found far better and weightier proofs than by showing both the “accursed” descendants of Ham. For instance, they might have pointed to the Nargal, the Chaldean and Assyrian chief of the Magi (Rab-Mag) and the Nagal, the chief sorcerer of the Mexican Indians. Both derive their names from Nergal-Sarezer, the Assyrian god, and both have the same faculties, or powers to have an attendant {{Style S-Italic|dæmon}} with whom they identify themselves completely. The Chaldean and Assyrian Nargal kept his dæmon, in the shape of some animal considered sacred, inside the temple; the Indian Nagal keeps his wherever he can—in the neighboring lake, or wood, or in the house, under the shape of a house-hold animal.~~[#~~fn837 ~~837]~~

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If Brasseur de Bourbourg and the Chevalier des Mousseaux, had so much at heart to trace the identity of the Mexicans with the Canaanites, they might have found far better and weightier proofs than by showing both the “accursed” descendants of Ham. For instance, they might have pointed to the Nargal, the Chaldean and Assyrian chief of the Magi (Rab-Mag) and the Nagal, the chief sorcerer of the Mexican Indians. Both derive their names from Nergal-Sarezer, the Assyrian god, and both have the same faculties, or powers to have an attendant {{Style S-Italic|dæmon}} with whom they identify themselves completely. The Chaldean and Assyrian Nargal kept his dæmon, in the shape of some animal considered sacred, inside the temple; the Indian Nagal keeps his wherever he can—in the neighboring lake, or wood, or in the house, under the shape of a house-hold animal.{{Footnote mark|†|fn837}}

We find the {{Style S-Italic|Catholic World,}} newspaper, in a recent number, bitterly complaining that the old Pagan element of the aboriginal inhabitants of America does not seem to be utterly dead in the United States. Even

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~~[#fn836anc 836]. ~~See Wilkinson: “Ancient Egyptians,” vol. v., p. 65.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn836}} See Wilkinson: “Ancient Egyptians,” vol. v., p. 65.

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~~[#fn837anc 837]. ~~Brasseur de Bourbourg: “Mexique,” pp. 135-574.

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{{Footnote return|†|fn837}} Brasseur de Bourbourg: “Mexique,” pp. 135-574.

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557 NAGUALISM AND VOODOO WORSHIP.

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where tribes have been for long years under the care of Christian teachers, heathen rites are practiced in secret, and crypto-paganism, or {{Style S-Italic|nagualism,}} flourishes now, as in the days of Montezuma. It says: “Nagualism and voodoo-worship”—as it calls these two strange sects—“are direct {{Style S-Italic|devil-worship.}} A report addressed to the Cortes in 1812, by Don Pedro Baptista Pino, says: ‘All the pueblos have their {{Style S-Italic|artufas—}}so the natives call subterranean rooms with only a single door, where they assemble to perform their feasts, and hold meetings. These are impenetrable temples . . . and the doors are always closed on the Spaniards.

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{{Style P-No indent|where tribes have been for long years under the care of Christian teachers, heathen rites are practiced in secret, and crypto-paganism, or {{Style S-Italic|nagualism,}} flourishes now, as in the days of Montezuma. It says: “Nagualism and voodoo-worship”—as it calls these two strange sects—“are direct {{Style S-Italic|devil-worship.}} A report addressed to the Cortes in 1812, by Don Pedro Baptista Pino, says: ‘All the pueblos have their {{Style S-Italic|artufas—}}so the natives call subterranean rooms with only a single door, where they assemble to perform their feasts, and hold meetings. These are impenetrable temples . . . and the doors are always closed on the Spaniards.}}

“‘All these pueblos, in spite of the sway which religion has had over them, cannot forget a part of the beliefs which have been transmitted to them, and which they are careful to transmit to their descendants. Hence come the adoration they render the sun and moon, and other heavenly bodies, the respect they entertain for fire, etc.

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“‘The pueblo chiefs seem to be at the same time priests; they perform various simple rites, by which the power of the sun and of Montezuma is recognized, as well as the power (according to some accounts) of the Great Snake, to whom, by order of Montezuma, they are to look for life. They also officiate in certain ceremonies with which they pray for rain. There are painted representations of the Great Snake, together with that of a misshapen, red-haired man, declared to stand for Montezuma. Of this last there was also, in the year 1845, in the pueblo of Laguna, a rude effigy or idol, intended, apparently, to represent only the head of the deity.’”~~[#~~fn838 ~~838]~~

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“‘The pueblo chiefs seem to be at the same time priests; they perform various simple rites, by which the power of the sun and of Montezuma is recognized, as well as the power (according to some accounts) of the Great Snake, to whom, by order of Montezuma, they are to look for life. They also officiate in certain ceremonies with which they pray for rain. There are painted representations of the Great Snake, together with that of a misshapen, red-haired man, declared to stand for Montezuma. Of this last there was also, in the year 1845, in the pueblo of Laguna, a rude effigy or idol, intended, apparently, to represent only the head of the deity.’”{{Footnote mark|*|fn838}}

The perfect identity of the rites, ceremonies, traditions, and even the names of the deities, among the Mexicans and ancient Babylonians and Egyptians, are a sufficient proof of South America being peopled by a colony which mysteriously found its way across the Atlantic. When? at what period? History is silent on that point; but those who consider that there is no tradition, sanctified by ages, without a certain sediment of truth at the bottom of it, believe in the {{Style S-Italic|Atlantis}}-legend. There are, scattered throughout the world, a handful of thoughtful and solitary students, who pass their lives in obscurity, far from the rumors of the world, studying the great problems of the physical and spiritual universes. They have their secret records in which are preserved the fruits of the scholastic labors of the long line of recluses whose successors they are. The knowledge of their early ancestors, the sages of India, Babylonia, Nineveh, and the imperial Thebes; the legends and traditions commented upon by the masters of Solon, Pythagoras, and Plato, in the

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~~[#fn838anc 838]. ~~“Catholic World,” N. Y., January, 1877: Article Nagualism, Voodooism, etc.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn838}} “Catholic World,” N. Y., January, 1877: Article Nagualism, Voodooism, etc.

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558 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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marble halls of Heliopolis and Saïs; traditions which, in their days, already seemed to hardly glimmer from behind the foggy curtain of the past;—all this, and much more, is recorded on indestructible parchment, and passed with jealous care from one adept to another. These men believe the story of the Atlantis to be no fable, but maintain that at different epochs of the past huge islands, and even continents, existed where now there is but a wild waste of waters. In those submerged temples and libraries the archæologist would find, could he but explore them, the materials for filling all the gaps that now exist in what we imagine is {{Style S-Italic|history.}} They say that at a remote epoch a traveller could traverse what is now the Atlantic Ocean, almost the entire distance by land, crossing in boats from one island to another, where narrow straits then existed.

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{{Style P-No indent|marble halls of Heliopolis and Saïs; traditions which, in their days, already seemed to hardly glimmer from behind the foggy curtain of the past;—all this, and much more, is recorded on indestructible parchment, and passed with jealous care from one adept to another. These men believe the story of the Atlantis to be no fable, but maintain that at different epochs of the past huge islands, and even continents, existed where now there is but a wild waste of waters. In those submerged temples and libraries the archæologist would find, could he but explore them, the materials for filling all the gaps that now exist in what we imagine is {{Style S-Italic|history.}} They say that at a remote epoch a traveller could traverse what is now the Atlantic Ocean, almost the entire distance by land, crossing in boats from one island to another, where narrow straits then existed.}}

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Our suspicion as to the relationship of the cis-Atlantic and trans-Atlantic races is strengthened upon reading about the wonders wrought by Quetzo-Cohuatl, the Mexican magician. His wand must be closely-related to the traditional sapphire-stick of Moses, the stick which bloomed in the garden of Raguel-Jethro, his father-in-law, and upon which was engraved the ineffable name. The “four men” described as the real four ancestors of the human race, “who were neither begotten by the gods, nor born of woman,” but whose “creation was a wonder wrought by the Creator,” and who were made after three attempts at manufacturing men had failed, equally present some striking points of similarity with the esoteric explanations of the Hermetists;~~[#~~fn839 ~~839]~~ they also undeniably recall the four sons of God of the Egyptian theogony. Moreover, as any one may infer, the resemblance of this myth to the narrative related in {{Style S-Italic|Genesis,}} will be apparent to even a superficial observer.

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Our suspicion as to the relationship of the cis-Atlantic and trans-Atlantic races is strengthened upon reading about the wonders wrought by Quetzo-Cohuatl, the Mexican magician. His wand must be closely-related to the traditional sapphire-stick of Moses, the stick which bloomed in the garden of Raguel-Jethro, his father-in-law, and upon which was engraved the ineffable name. The “four men” described as the real four ancestors of the human race, “who were neither begotten by the gods, nor born of woman,” but whose “creation was a wonder wrought by the Creator,” and who were made after three attempts at manufacturing men had failed, equally present some striking points of similarity with the esoteric explanations of the Hermetists;{{Footnote mark|*|fn839}} they also undeniably recall the four sons of God of the Egyptian theogony. Moreover, as any one may infer, the resemblance of this myth to the narrative related in {{Style S-Italic|Genesis,}} will be apparent to even a superficial observer.

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These four ancestors “could reason and speak, their sight was unlimited, and they knew all things at once.”~~[#~~fn840 ~~840]~~ When “they had rendered thanks to their Creator for their existence, {{Style S-Italic|the gods were frightened,}} and they breathed a cloud over the eyes of men that they might see a certain distance only, and not be {{Style S-Italic|like the gods themselves.”}} This bears directly upon the sentence in {{Style S-Italic|Genesis,}} “Behold, {{Style S-Italic|the man is become as one of us,}} to know good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life,” etc. Then, again, “While {{Style S-Italic|they were asleep}} God gave them wives,” etc.

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These four ancestors “could reason and speak, their sight was unlimited, and they knew all things at once.”{{Footnote mark|†|fn840}} When “they had rendered thanks to their Creator for their existence, {{Style S-Italic|the gods were frightened,}} and they breathed a cloud over the eyes of men that they might see a certain distance only, and not be {{Style S-Italic|like the gods themselves.”}} This bears directly upon the sentence in {{Style S-Italic|Genesis,}} “Behold, {{Style S-Italic|the man is become as one of us,}} to know good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life,” etc. Then, again, “While {{Style S-Italic|they were asleep}} God gave them wives,” etc.

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~~[#fn839anc 839]. ~~In “Hesiod,” Zeus creates his {{Style S-Italic|third}} race of men out of ash-trees. In “Popol-Vuh,” we are told the {{Style S-Italic|third}} race of men is created out of the tree “tzite,” and women are made from the marrow of a reed which was called “sibac.” This also is a strange coincidence.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn839}} In “Hesiod,” Zeus creates his {{Style S-Italic|third}} race of men out of ash-trees. In “Popol-Vuh,” we are told the {{Style S-Italic|third}} race of men is created out of the tree “tzite,” and women are made from the marrow of a reed which was called “sibac.” This also is a strange coincidence.

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~~[#fn840anc 840]. ~~“Popol-Vuh,” reviewed by Max Müller.

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{{Footnote return|†|fn840}} “Popol-Vuh,” reviewed by Max Müller.

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559 RELIGION OF THE ANCIENT MEXICANS.

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We disclaim the least intention to disrespectfully suggest ideas to those who are so wise as to need no hint. But we must bear in mind that authentic treatises upon ancient magic of the Chaldean and Egyptian lore are not scattered about in public libraries, and at auction sales. That such exist is nevertheless a fact for many students of the arcane philosophy. Is it not of the greatest importance for every antiquarian to be acquainted at least superficially with their contents? “The four ancestors of the race,” adds Max Müller, “seem to have had a long life, and when at last they came to die, they disappeared in a mysterious manner, and left to their sons what is called the {{Style S-Italic|hidden majesty,}} which was never to be opened by human hands. What it was we do not know.”

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The {{Style S-Italic|History of Bernal Diaz de Castilla,}} a follower of Cortez, gives us some idea of the extraordinary refinement and intelligence of the

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560 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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people whom they conquered; but the descriptions are too long to be inserted here. Suffice it to say, that the Aztecs appeared in more than one way to have resembled the ancient Egyptians in civilization and refinement. Among both peoples magic or the arcane natural philosophy was cultivated to the highest degree. Add to this that Greece, the “later cradle of the arts and sciences,” and India, cradle of religions, were and are still devoted to its study and practice—and who shall venture to discredit its dignity as a study, and its profundity as a science?

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{{Style P-No indent|people whom they conquered; but the descriptions are too long to be inserted here. Suffice it to say, that the Aztecs appeared in more than one way to have resembled the ancient Egyptians in civilization and refinement. Among both peoples magic or the arcane natural philosophy was cultivated to the highest degree. Add to this that Greece, the “later cradle of the arts and sciences,” and India, cradle of religions, were and are still devoted to its study and practice—and who shall venture to discredit its dignity as a study, and its profundity as a science?}}

There never was, nor can there be more than one universal religion; for there can be but one truth concerning God. Like an immense chain whose upper end, the alpha, remains invisibly emanating from a Deity—{{Style S-Italic|in statu abscondito}} with every primitive theology—it encircles our globe in every direction; it leaves not even the darkest corner unvisited, before the other end, the omega, turns back on its way to be again received where it first emanated. On this divine chain was strung the exoteric symbology of every people. Their variety of form is powerless to affect their substance, and under their diverse ideal types of the universe of matter, symbolizing its vivifying principles, the uncorrupted immaterial image of the spirit of being guiding them is the same.

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“There is but one light, and there is but one darkness,” says a Siamese proverb. {{Style S-Italic|Dæmon est Deus inversus,}} the Devil is the shadow of God, states the universal kabalistic axiom. Could light exist but for

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561 THREE GLORIOUS RELICS OF A MIGHTY PAST.

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primeval darkness? And did not the brilliant, sunny universe first stretch its infant arms from the swaddling bands of dark and dreary chaos? If the Christian “{{Style S-Italic|fulness of Him that filleth all in all”}} is a revelation, then we must admit that, if there is a devil, he must be included in this {{Style S-Italic|fulness,}} and be a part of that which “filleth all in all.” From time immemorial the justification of the Deity, and His separation from the existing evil was attempted, and the object was reached by the old Oriental philosophy in the foundation of the {{Style S-Italic|theodiké;}} but their metaphysical views on the {{Style S-Italic|fallen spirit,}} have never been disfigured by the creation of an anthropomorphic personality of the Devil as was done subsequently by the leading lights of Christian theology. A personal fiend, who opposes the Deity, and impedes progress on its way to perfection, is to be sought only on earth amid humanity, not in heaven.

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{{Style P-No indent|primeval darkness? And did not the brilliant, sunny universe first stretch its infant arms from the swaddling bands of dark and dreary chaos? If the Christian “{{Style S-Italic|fulness of Him that filleth all in all”}} is a revelation, then we must admit that, if there is a devil, he must be included in this {{Style S-Italic|fulness,}} and be a part of that which “filleth all in all.” From time immemorial the justification of the Deity, and His separation from the existing evil was attempted, and the object was reached by the old Oriental philosophy in the foundation of the {{Style S-Italic|theodiké;}} but their metaphysical views on the {{Style S-Italic|fallen spirit,}} have never been disfigured by the creation of an anthropomorphic personality of the Devil as was done subsequently by the leading lights of Christian theology. A personal fiend, who opposes the Deity, and impedes progress on its way to perfection, is to be sought only on earth amid humanity, not in heaven.}}

Thus is it that all the religious monuments of old, in whatever land or under whatever climate, are the expression of the same identical thoughts, the key to which is in the esoteric doctrine. It would be vain, without studying the latter, to seek to unriddle the mysteries enshrouded for centuries in the temples and ruins of Egypt and Assyria, or those of Central America, British Columbia, and the Nagkon-Wat of Cambodia. If each of these was built by a different nation; and neither nation had had intercourse with the others for ages, it is also certain that all were planned and built under the direct supervision of the priests. And the clergy of every nation, though practicing rites and ceremonies which may have differed externally, had evidently been initiated into the same traditional mysteries which were taught all over the world.

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Hidden far away in the province of Siamrap—eastern Siam—in the midst of a most luxuriant tropical vegetation, surrounded by almost impenetrable forests of palms, cocoa-trees, and betel-nut, “the general ap-

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562 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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pearance of the wonderful temple is beautiful and romantic, as well as impressive and grand,” says Mr. Vincent, a recent traveller.~~[#~~fn841 ~~841]~~ “We whose good fortune it is to live in the nineteenth century, are accustomed to boast of the perfection and preëminence of our modern civilization; of the grandeur of our attainments in science, art, literature, and what not, as compared with those whom we call ancients; but still we are compelled to admit that they have far excelled our recent endeavors in many things, and notably in the fine arts of painting, architecture, and sculpture. We were but just looking upon a most wonderful example of the two latter, for in style and beauty of architecture, solidity of construction, and magnificent and elaborate carving and sculpture, the Great Nagkon-Wat has no superior, certainly no rival standing at the present day. The first view of the ruins is overwhelming.”

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{{Style P-No indent|pearance of the wonderful temple is beautiful and romantic, as well as impressive and grand,” says Mr. Vincent, a recent traveller.{{Footnote mark|*|fn841}} “We whose good fortune it is to live in the nineteenth century, are accustomed to boast of the perfection and preëminence of our modern civilization; of the grandeur of our attainments in science, art, literature, and what not, as compared with those whom we call ancients; but still we are compelled to admit that they have far excelled our recent endeavors in many things, and notably in the fine arts of painting, architecture, and sculpture. We were but just looking upon a most wonderful example of the two latter, for in style and beauty of architecture, solidity of construction, and magnificent and elaborate carving and sculpture, the Great Nagkon-Wat has no superior, certainly no rival standing at the present day. The first view of the ruins is overwhelming.”}}

Thus the opinion of another traveller is added to that of many preceding ones, including archæologists and other competent critics, who have believed that the ruins of the past Egyptian splendor deserve no higher eulogium than Nagkon-Wat.

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The above underscored lines are suggestive to travellers who have remarked and admired the same wonderful mason-work in the Egyptian

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~~[#fn841anc 841]. ~~Frank Vincent, Jun.: “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 209.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn841}} Frank Vincent, Jun.: “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 209.

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563 WHO BUILT NAGKON-WAT?

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remains. If the same workmen did not lay the courses in both countries we must at least think that the secret of this matchless wall-building was equally known to the architects of every land.

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{{Style P-No indent|remains. If the same workmen did not lay the courses in both countries we must at least think that the secret of this matchless wall-building was equally known to the architects of every land.}}

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“Passing, we ascend a platform . . . and enter the temple itself through a columned portico, the {{Style S-Italic|facade}} of which is beautifully carved in {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievo}} with ancient mythological subjects. From this doorway, on either side, runs a corridor with a double row of columns, cut—base and capital—from single blocks, with a double, oval-shaped roof, covered with carving and consecutive sculptures upon the outer wall. This gallery of sculptures, which forms the exterior of the temple, consists of over half a mile of continuous pictures, cut in {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievo}} upon sandstone slabs six feet in width, and represents subjects taken from Hindu mythology, from the {{Style S-Italic|Ramayâna—}}the Sanscrit epic poem of India, with its 25,000 verses describing the exploits of the god Rama, and the son of the King of Oudh. The contests of the King of Ceylon, and Hanouma,~~[#~~fn842 ~~842]~~ the monkey-god, are graphically represented. There is {{Style S-Italic|no keystone}} used in the arch of this corridor. On the walls are sculptured the immense number of 100,000 separate figures. One picture from the {{Style S-Italic|Ramayana}} . . . occupies 240 feet of the wall. . . . In the {{Style S-Italic|Nagkon-Wat}} as many as 1,532 solid columns have been counted, and among the entire ruins of Angkor . . . the immense number of 6,000, almost all of them hewn from single blocks and artistically carved. . . .

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“Passing, we ascend a platform . . . and enter the temple itself through a columned portico, the {{Style S-Italic|facade}} of which is beautifully carved in {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievo}} with ancient mythological subjects. From this doorway, on either side, runs a corridor with a double row of columns, cut—base and capital—from single blocks, with a double, oval-shaped roof, covered with carving and consecutive sculptures upon the outer wall. This gallery of sculptures, which forms the exterior of the temple, consists of over half a mile of continuous pictures, cut in {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievo}} upon sandstone slabs six feet in width, and represents subjects taken from Hindu mythology, from the {{Style S-Italic|Ramayâna—}}the Sanscrit epic poem of India, with its 25,000 verses describing the exploits of the god Rama, and the son of the King of Oudh. The contests of the King of Ceylon, and Hanouma,{{Footnote mark|*|fn842}} the monkey-god, are graphically represented. There is {{Style S-Italic|no keystone}} used in the arch of this corridor. On the walls are sculptured the immense number of 100,000 separate figures. One picture from the {{Style S-Italic|Ramayana}} . . . occupies 240 feet of the wall. . . . In the {{Style S-Italic|Nagkon-Wat}} as many as 1,532 solid columns have been counted, and among the entire ruins of Angkor . . . the immense number of 6,000, almost all of them hewn from single blocks and artistically carved. . . .

“But who built {{Style S-Italic|Nagkon-Wat?}} and when was it built? Learned men have attempted to form opinions from studies of its construction, and especially ornamentation,” and have failed. “Native Cambodian his-

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~~[#fn842anc 842]. ~~The Hanoum is over three feet tall, and black as a coal. The {{Style S-Italic|Ramayana,}} giving the biography of this sacred monkey, relates that Hanoum was formerly a powerful chieftain, who being the greatest friend of Rama, helped him to find his wife, Sitha, who had been carried off to Ceylon by Ravana, the mighty king of the giants. After numerous adventures Hanoum was caught by the latter, while visiting the city of the giant as Rama’s spy. For this crime Ravana had the poor Hanoum’s tail oiled and set on fire, and it was in extinguishing it that the monkey-god became so black in the face that neither himself nor his posterity could ever get rid of the color. If we have to believe Hindu legends this same Hanoum was the {{Style S-Italic|progenitor}} of the Europeans; a tradition which, though strictly Darwinian, hence, scientific, is by no means flattering to us. The legend states that for services rendered, Rama, the hero and demi-god, gave in marriage to the monkey-warriors of his army the daughters of the giants of Ceylon—the Bâkshasas—and granted them, moreover, as a dowry, all western parts of the world. Repairing thence, the monkeys and their giant-wives lived happily and had a number of descendants. The latter are the present Europeans. Dravidian words are found in Western Europe, indicating that there was an original unity of race and language between the populations. May it not be a hint that the traditions are akin, of elfin and kobold races in Europe, and monkeys, actually cognate with them in Hindustan?

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{{Footnote return|*|fn842}} The Hanoum is over three feet tall, and black as a coal. The {{Style S-Italic|Ramayana,}} giving the biography of this sacred monkey, relates that Hanoum was formerly a powerful chieftain, who being the greatest friend of Rama, helped him to find his wife, Sitha, who had been carried off to Ceylon by Ravana, the mighty king of the giants. After numerous adventures Hanoum was caught by the latter, while visiting the city of the giant as Rama’s spy. For this crime Ravana had the poor Hanoum’s tail oiled and set on fire, and it was in extinguishing it that the monkey-god became so black in the face that neither himself nor his posterity could ever get rid of the color. If we have to believe Hindu legends this same Hanoum was the {{Style S-Italic|progenitor}} of the Europeans; a tradition which, though strictly Darwinian, hence, scientific, is by no means flattering to us. The legend states that for services rendered, Rama, the hero and demi-god, gave in marriage to the monkey-warriors of his army the daughters of the giants of Ceylon—the Bâkshasas—and granted them, moreover, as a dowry, all western parts of the world. Repairing thence, the monkeys and their giant-wives lived happily and had a number of descendants. The latter are the present Europeans. Dravidian words are found in Western Europe, indicating that there was an original unity of race and language between the populations. May it not be a hint that the traditions are akin, of elfin and kobold races in Europe, and monkeys, actually cognate with them in Hindustan?

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564 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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torians,” adds Vincent, “reckon 2,400 from the building of the temple. . . . I asked one of them how long {{Style S-Italic|Nagkon-Wat}} had been built. . . . ‘None can tell when. . . . I do not know; it must have either sprung up from the ground or been built by giants, or perhaps by the angels’ . . . was the answer.”

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{{Style P-No indent|torians,” adds Vincent, “reckon 2,400 from the building of the temple. . . . I asked one of them how long {{Style S-Italic|Nagkon-Wat}} had been built. . . . ‘None can tell when. . . . I do not know; it must have either sprung up from the ground or been built by giants, or perhaps by the angels’ . . . was the answer.”}}

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When Stephens asked the native Indians “Who built Copan? . . . what nation traced the hieroglyphic designs, sculptured these elegant figures and carvings, these emblematical designs?” the dull answer he received was “{{Style S-Italic|Quien sabe?”}}—who knows! “All is mystery; dark, impenetrable mystery,” writes Stephens. “In Egypt, the colossal skeletons of gigantic temples stand in all the nakedness of desolation. Here, an immense forest shrouded the ruins, hiding them from sight.”~~[#~~fn843 ~~843]~~

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When Stephens asked the native Indians “Who built Copan? . . . what nation traced the hieroglyphic designs, sculptured these elegant figures and carvings, these emblematical designs?” the dull answer he received was “{{Style S-Italic|Quien sabe?”}}—who knows! “All is mystery; dark, impenetrable mystery,” writes Stephens. “In Egypt, the colossal skeletons of gigantic temples stand in all the nakedness of desolation. Here, an immense forest shrouded the ruins, hiding them from sight.”{{Footnote mark|*|fn843}}

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But there are perhaps many circumstances, trifling for archæologists unacquainted with the “idle and fanciful” legends of old, hence overlooked; otherwise the discovery might have sent them on a new train of thought. One is the invariable presence in the Egyptian, Mexican, and Siamese ruined temples, of the monkey. The Egyptian cynocephalus assumes the same postures as the Hindu and Siamese Hanoum; and among the sculptured fragments of Copan, Stephens found the remains of colossal apes or baboons, “strongly resembling in outline and appearance the four monstrous animals which once stood in front, attached to the base of the obelisk of Luxor, now in Paris,~~[#~~fn844 ~~844]~~ and which, under the name of the cynocephali, were worshipped at Thebes.” In almost every Buddhist temple there are idols of huge monkeys kept, and some people have in their houses white monkeys on purpose “to keep {{Style S-Italic|bad}} spirits away.”

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But there are perhaps many circumstances, trifling for archæologists unacquainted with the “idle and fanciful” legends of old, hence overlooked; otherwise the discovery might have sent them on a new train of thought. One is the invariable presence in the Egyptian, Mexican, and Siamese ruined temples, of the monkey. The Egyptian cynocephalus assumes the same postures as the Hindu and Siamese Hanoum; and among the sculptured fragments of Copan, Stephens found the remains of colossal apes or baboons, “strongly resembling in outline and appearance the four monstrous animals which once stood in front, attached to the base of the obelisk of Luxor, now in Paris,{{Footnote mark|†|fn844}} and which, under the name of the cynocephali, were worshipped at Thebes.” In almost every Buddhist temple there are idols of huge monkeys kept, and some people have in their houses white monkeys on purpose “to keep {{Style S-Italic|bad}} spirits away.”

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“Was civilization,” writes Louis de Carné,~~[#~~fn845 ~~845]~~ “in the complex meaning we give that word, in keeping among the ancient Cambodians with what such prodigies of architecture seem to indicate? The age of Pheidias was that of Sophocles, Socrates, and Plato; Michael Angelo and Raphael succeeded Dante. There are luminous epochs during which the human mind, developing itself in every direction, triumphs in all, and creates masterpieces {{Style S-Italic|which spring from the same inspiration.”}} “Nagkon-Wat,” concludes Vincent, “must be ascribed to other than ancient Cambodians. But to whom? . . . There exist {{Style S-Italic|no credible}} traditions; {{Style S-Italic|all is absurd fable or legend.”}}

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“Was civilization,” writes Louis de Carné,{{Footnote mark|‡|fn845}} “in the complex meaning we give that word, in keeping among the ancient Cambodians with what such prodigies of architecture seem to indicate? The age of Pheidias was that of Sophocles, Socrates, and Plato; Michael Angelo and Raphael succeeded Dante. There are luminous epochs during which the human mind, developing itself in every direction, triumphs in all, and creates masterpieces {{Style S-Italic|which spring from the same inspiration.”}} “Nagkon-Wat,” concludes Vincent, “must be ascribed to other than ancient Cambodians. But to whom? . . . There exist {{Style S-Italic|no credible}} traditions; {{Style S-Italic|all is absurd fable or legend.”}}

The latter sentence has become of late a sort of cant phrase in the mouths of travellers and archæologists. When they have found that

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~~[#fn843anc 843]. ~~“Incidents of Travels in Central America, etc.,” vol. i., p. 105.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn843}} “Incidents of Travels in Central America, etc.,” vol. i., p. 105.

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~~[#fn844anc 844]. ~~They stand no more, for the obelisk alone was removed to Paris.

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{{Footnote return|†|fn844}} They stand no more, for the obelisk alone was removed to Paris.

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~~[#fn845anc 845]. ~~See “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 221{{~~Style S-Italic|.~~}}

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{{Footnote return|‡|fn845}} See “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 221.

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565 WAS IT THE LOST TRIBES OF ISRAEL?

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no clew is attainable unless it can be found in popular legends, they turn away discouraged, and a final verdict is withheld. At the same time Vincent quotes a writer who remarks that these ruins “are as imposing as the ruins of Thebes, or Memphis, but more mysterious.” Mouhot thinks they were erected “by some ancient Michael Angelo,” and adds that Nagkon-Wat “is grander than anything left to us by Greece or Rome.” Furthermore Mouhot ascribes the building again to some of {{Style S-Italic|the lost tribes of Israel,}} and is corroborated in that opinion by Miche, the French Bishop of Cambodia, who confesses that he is struck “by the Hebrew character of the faces of many of the savage Stiens.” Henri Mouhot believes that, “without exaggeration, the oldest parts of Angkor may be fixed at more than 2,000 years ago.” This, then, in comparison with the pyramids, would make them quite modern; the date is the more incredible, because the pictures on the walls may be proved to belong to those archaic ages when Poseidon and the Kabeiri were worshipped throughout the continent. Had Nagkon-Wat been built, as Dr. Adolf Bastian~~[#~~fn846 ~~846]~~ will have it, “for the reception of the learned patriarch, Buddhagosa, who brought the holy books of the {{Style S-Italic|Trai-Pidok}} from Ceylon; or, as Bishop Pallegoix, who “refers the erection of this edifice to the reign of Phra Pathum Suriving,” when “the sacred books of the Buddhists were brought from Ceylon, and Buddhism became the religion of the Cambodians,” how is it possible to account for the following?

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{{Style P-No indent|no clew is attainable unless it can be found in popular legends, they turn away discouraged, and a final verdict is withheld. At the same time Vincent quotes a writer who remarks that these ruins “are as imposing as the ruins of Thebes, or Memphis, but more mysterious.” Mouhot thinks they were erected “by some ancient Michael Angelo,” and adds that Nagkon-Wat “is grander than anything left to us by Greece or Rome.” Furthermore Mouhot ascribes the building again to some of {{Style S-Italic|the lost tribes of Israel,}} and is corroborated in that opinion by Miche, the French Bishop of Cambodia, who confesses that he is struck “by the Hebrew character of the faces of many of the savage Stiens.” Henri Mouhot believes that, “without exaggeration, the oldest parts of Angkor may be fixed at more than 2,000 years ago.” This, then, in comparison with the pyramids, would make them quite modern; the date is the more incredible, because the pictures on the walls may be proved to belong to those archaic ages when Poseidon and the Kabeiri were worshipped throughout the continent. Had Nagkon-Wat been built, as Dr. Adolf Bastian{{Footnote mark|*|fn846}} will have it, “for the reception of the learned patriarch, Buddhagosa, who brought the holy books of the {{Style S-Italic|Trai-Pidok}} from Ceylon; or, as Bishop Pallegoix, who “refers the erection of this edifice to the reign of Phra Pathum Suriving,” when “the sacred books of the Buddhists were brought from Ceylon, and Buddhism became the religion of the Cambodians,” how is it possible to account for the following?}}

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“We see in this same temple carved images of Buddha, four, and even thirty-two-armed, and two and sixteen-headed gods, the Indian Vishnu, gods {{Style S-Italic|with wings,}} Burmese heads, Hindu figures, and Ceylon mythology. . . . You see warriors riding upon elephants and in chariots, foot soldiers with shield and spear, boats, tigers, griffins . . . serpents, fishes, crocodiles, bullocks . . . soldiers of immense physical development, with helmets, and some people with beards—probably Moors. The figures,” adds Mr. Vincent, “stand somewhat like those on the great Egyptian monuments, the side partly turned toward the front . . . and I noticed, besides, five horsemen, armed with spear and sword, riding abreast, like those seen upon the Assyrian tablets in the British Museum.”~~[#~~fn847 ~~847]~~

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“We see in this same temple carved images of Buddha, four, and even thirty-two-armed, and two and sixteen-headed gods, the Indian Vishnu, gods {{Style S-Italic|with wings,}} Burmese heads, Hindu figures, and Ceylon mythology. . . . You see warriors riding upon elephants and in chariots, foot soldiers with shield and spear, boats, tigers, griffins . . . serpents, fishes, crocodiles, bullocks . . . soldiers of immense physical development, with helmets, and some people with beards—probably Moors. The figures,” adds Mr. Vincent, “stand somewhat like those on the great Egyptian monuments, the side partly turned toward the front . . . and I noticed, besides, five horsemen, armed with spear and sword, riding abreast, like those seen upon the Assyrian tablets in the British Museum.”{{Footnote mark|†|fn847}}

For our part, we may add, that there are on the walls several repetitions of Dagon, the man-fish of the Babylonians, and of the Kabeirian gods of Samothrace. This may have escaped the notice of the few archæologists who examined the place; but upon stricter inspection they will be found there, as well as the reputed father of the Kabeiri—Vulcan, with his bolts and implements, having near him a king with a sceptre in

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~~[#fn846anc 846]. ~~The President of the Royal Geographical Society of Berlin.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn846}} The President of the Royal Geographical Society of Berlin.

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~~[#fn847anc 847]. ~~“The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 215.

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{{Footnote return|†|fn847}} “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 215.

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566 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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his hand, which is the counterpart of that of Cheronaæ, or the “sceptre of Agamemnon,” so-called, said to have been presented to him by the lame god of Lemnos. In another place we find Vulcan, recognizable by his hammer and pincers, but under the shape of a monkey, as usually represented by the Egyptians.

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{{Style P-No indent|his hand, which is the counterpart of that of Cheronaæ, or the “sceptre of Agamemnon,” so-called, said to have been presented to him by the lame god of Lemnos. In another place we find Vulcan, recognizable by his hammer and pincers, but under the shape of a monkey, as usually represented by the Egyptians.}}

Now, if Nagkon-Wat is essentially a Buddhist temple, how comes it to have on its walls {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievos}} of completely an Assyrian character; and Kabeirian gods which, though universally worshipped as the most ancient of the Asiatic mystery-gods, had already been abandoned 200 years b.c., and the Samothracian mysteries themselves completely altered? Whence the popular tradition concerning the Prince of Roma among the Cambodians, a personage mentioned by all the native historians, who attribute to him the foundation of the temple? Is it not barely possible that even the {{Style S-Italic|Ramay}}â{{Style S-Italic|na,}} itself, the famous epic poem, is but the original of Homer’s {{Style S-Italic|Iliad,}} as it was suggested some years ago? The beautiful Paris, carrying off Helen, looks very much like Râvana, king of the giants, eloping with Sita, Rama’s wife? The Trojan war is a counterpart of the {{Style S-Italic|Ramay}}â{{Style S-Italic|na}} war; moreover, Herodotus assures us that the Trojan heroes and gods date in Greece only from the days of the {{Style S-Italic|Iliad.}} In such a case even Hanoum, the monkey-god, would be but Vulcan in disguise; the more so that the Cambodian tradition makes the founder of Angkor come from {{Style S-Italic|Roma}}, which they place at the western end of the world, and that the Hindu Roma also apportions the west to the descendants of Hanoum.

Line 705: Line 719:

It looks certainly “incontestable” enough if we reverse the position and admit that all the light that ever shone on the Israelites came to them from this “far East,” passing first through the Chaldeans and Egyptians. The first thing to settle, is to find out who were the Israelites themselves; and that is the most vital question. Many historians seem to claim, with good reason, that the Jews were similar or identical with the ancient Phœnicians, but the Phœnicians were beyond any doubt an

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567 WHO WERE THE JEWS?

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Æthiopian race; moreover, the present race of Punjaub are hybridized with the Asiatic Æthiopians. Herodotus traces the Hebrews to the Persian Gulf; and south of that place were the Himyarites (the Arabians); beyond, the early Chaldeans and Susinians, the great builders. This seems to establish pretty well their Æthiopian affinity. Megasthenes says that the Jews were an Indian sect called {{Style S-Italic|Kalani,}} and their theology resembled that of the Indians. Other authors also suspect that the colonized Jews or the Judeans were the Yadus from Afghanistan—the old India.~~[#~~fn848 ~~848]~~ Eusebius tells us that “the Æthiopians came from the river Indus and settled near Egypt.” More research may show that the Tamil Hindus, who are accused by the missionaries of worshipping the Devil—Kutti-Sattan—only honor, after all, Seth or Satan, worshipped by the biblical Hittites.

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{{Style P-No indent|Æthiopian race; moreover, the present race of Punjaub are hybridized with the Asiatic Æthiopians. Herodotus traces the Hebrews to the Persian Gulf; and south of that place were the Himyarites (the Arabians); beyond, the early Chaldeans and Susinians, the great builders. This seems to establish pretty well their Æthiopian affinity. Megasthenes says that the Jews were an Indian sect called {{Style S-Italic|Kalani,}} and their theology resembled that of the Indians. Other authors also suspect that the colonized Jews or the Judeans were the Yadus from Afghanistan—the old India.{{Footnote mark|*|fn848}} Eusebius tells us that “the Æthiopians came from the river Indus and settled near Egypt.” More research may show that the Tamil Hindus, who are accused by the missionaries of worshipping the Devil—Kutti-Sattan—only honor, after all, Seth or Satan, worshipped by the biblical Hittites.}}

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But if the Jews were in the twilight of history the Phœnicians, the latter may be traced themselves to the nations who used the old Sanscrit language. Carthage was a Phœnician city, hence its name; for Tyre was equally {{Style S-Italic|Kartha.}} In the {{Style S-Italic|Bible}} the words {{Style S-Italic|Kir, Kirjath}} are frequently found. Their tutelar god was styled {{Style S-Italic|Mel-Kartha}} (Mel, Baal), or tutelar lord of the city. In Sanscrit a city or communal was a {{Style S-Italic|cul}} and its lord was {{~~Style S-Italic~~|~~Heri.[#~~fn849 ~~849]~~}} Her-culeus is therefore the translation of Melkarth and Sanscrit in origin. Moreover all the Cyclopean races were Phœnicians. In the {{Style S-Italic|Odyssey}} the Kuklopes (Cyclops) are the Libyan shepherds; and Herodotus describes them as miners and great builders. They are the ancient Titans or giants, who in Hesiod forge bolts for Zeus. They are the biblical {{Style S-Italic|Zamzummim}} from the land of the giants, the Anakim.

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But if the Jews were in the twilight of history the Phœnicians, the latter may be traced themselves to the nations who used the old Sanscrit language. Carthage was a Phœnician city, hence its name; for Tyre was equally {{Style S-Italic|Kartha.}} In the {{Style S-Italic|Bible}} the words {{Style S-Italic|Kir, Kirjath}} are frequently found. Their tutelar god was styled {{Style S-Italic|Mel-Kartha}} (Mel, Baal), or tutelar lord of the city. In Sanscrit a city or communal was a {{Style S-Italic|cul}} and its lord was ''Heri''.{{Footnote mark|†|fn849}} Her-culeus is therefore the translation of Melkarth and Sanscrit in origin. Moreover all the Cyclopean races were Phœnicians. In the {{Style S-Italic|Odyssey}} the Kuklopes (Cyclops) are the Libyan shepherds; and Herodotus describes them as miners and great builders. They are the ancient Titans or giants, who in Hesiod forge bolts for Zeus. They are the biblical {{Style S-Italic|Zamzummim}} from the land of the giants, the Anakim.

Now it is easy to see that the excavators of Ellora, the builders of the old Pagodas, the architects of Copan and of the ruins of Central America, those of Nagkon-Wat, and those of the Egyptian remains were, if not of the same race, at least of the same religion—the one taught in the oldest Mysteries. Besides, the figures on the walls of Angkor are purely archaic, and have nothing to do with the images and idols of Buddha, who may be of a far later origin. “What gives a peculiar interest to this section,” says Dr. Bastian, “is the fact that the artist has represented the different nationalities in all their distinctive characteristic features, from the flat-nosed savage in the tasselled garb of the Pnom and the short-haired Lao, to the straight-nosed Rajaput, with sword and shield, and {{Style S-Italic|the bearded}}

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~~[#fn848anc 848]. ~~The Phœnician Dido is the feminine of David dwd, wdyd. Under the name of Astarte, she led the Phœnician colonies, and her image was on the prow of their ships. But David and Saul are names belonging to Afghanistan also.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn848}} The Phœnician Dido is the feminine of David dwd, wdyd. Under the name of Astarte, she led the Phœnician colonies, and her image was on the prow of their ships. But David and Saul are names belonging to Afghanistan also.

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~~[#fn849anc 849]. ~~(Prof. A. Wilder.) This archæologist says: “I regard the Æthiopian, Cushite and Hamitic races as the building and artistic race who worshipped Baal (Siva), or Bel—made temples, grottos, pyramids, and used a language of peculiar type. Rawlinson derives that language from the {{Style S-Italic|Turanians}} in Hindustan.”

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{{Footnote return|†|fn849}} (Prof. A. Wilder.) This archæologist says: “I regard the Æthiopian, Cushite and Hamitic races as the building and artistic race who worshipped Baal (Siva), or Bel—made temples, grottos, pyramids, and used a language of peculiar type. Rawlinson derives that language from the {{Style S-Italic|Turanians}} in Hindustan.”

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568 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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{{Style S-Italic|Moor,}} giving a catalogue of nationalities, like another {{Style S-Italic|column of Trajan,}} in the predominant physical conformation of each race. On the whole, there is such a prevalence of {{Style S-Italic|Hellenic}} cast in features and profiles, as well as in the elegant attitude of the horsemen, that one might suppose Xenocrates of old, after finishing his labors in Bombay, had made an excursion to the East.”

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{{Style P-No indent|{{Style S-Italic|Moor,}} giving a catalogue of nationalities, like another {{Style S-Italic|column of Trajan,}} in the predominant physical conformation of each race. On the whole, there is such a prevalence of {{Style S-Italic|Hellenic}} cast in features and profiles, as well as in the elegant attitude of the horsemen, that one might suppose Xenocrates of old, after finishing his labors in Bombay, had made an excursion to the East.”}}

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Therefore, if we allow the tribes of Israel to have had a hand in the building of Nagkon-Wat, it cannot be as the tribes numbered and sent from the wilderness of Paran in search of the land of Canaan, but as their earlier ancestors, which amounts to the rejection of such tribes, as the casting of a reflection of the {{Style S-Italic|Mosaic}} revelation. And where is the outside {{Style S-Italic|historical}} evidence that such tribes were ever heard of at all, before the compilation of the {{Style S-Italic|Old Testament}} by Ezra? There are archæologists who strongly regard the twelve tribes as utterly mythical,~~[#~~fn850 ~~850]~~ for there never was a tribe of Simeon, and that of Levi was a {{Style S-Italic|caste.}} There still remains the same problem to solve—whether the Judæans had ever been in Palestine before Cyrus. From the sons of Jacob, who had all married Canaanites, except Joseph, whose wife was the daughter of an Egyptian Priest of the Sun, down to the legendary {{Style S-Italic|Book of Judges}} there was an acknowledged general intermarrying between the said tribes and the idolatrous races: “And the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, Hittites, and Amorites, and Perizzites, and Hivites, and Jebusites; and they took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their daughters to their sons, and served their gods,” says the third chapter of {{Style S-Italic|Judges,}} “. . . and the children of Israel forgat their God and served Baalim, and the groves.” This Baal was Moloch, M’lch Karta, or Hercules. He was worshipped wherever the Phœnicians went. How could the Israelites possibly keep together as tribes, while, on the authority of the {{Style S-Italic|Bible}} itself, whole populations were from year to year uprooted violently by Assyrian and other conquerors? “So was Israel carried away out of their own land to Assyria unto this day. And the king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Ava, and from Hamath, and from Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria {{Style S-Italic|instead}} of the children of Israel” (2 {{Style S-Italic|Kings,}} xvii. 23, 24).

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Therefore, if we allow the tribes of Israel to have had a hand in the building of Nagkon-Wat, it cannot be as the tribes numbered and sent from the wilderness of Paran in search of the land of Canaan, but as their earlier ancestors, which amounts to the rejection of such tribes, as the casting of a reflection of the {{Style S-Italic|Mosaic}} revelation. And where is the outside {{Style S-Italic|historical}} evidence that such tribes were ever heard of at all, before the compilation of the {{Style S-Italic|Old Testament}} by Ezra? There are archæologists who strongly regard the twelve tribes as utterly mythical,{{Footnote mark|*|fn850}} for there never was a tribe of Simeon, and that of Levi was a {{Style S-Italic|caste.}} There still remains the same problem to solve—whether the Judæans had ever been in Palestine before Cyrus. From the sons of Jacob, who had all married Canaanites, except Joseph, whose wife was the daughter of an Egyptian Priest of the Sun, down to the legendary {{Style S-Italic|Book of Judges}} there was an acknowledged general intermarrying between the said tribes and the idolatrous races: “And the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, Hittites, and Amorites, and Perizzites, and Hivites, and Jebusites; and they took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their daughters to their sons, and served their gods,” says the third chapter of {{Style S-Italic|Judges,}} “. . . and the children of Israel forgat their God and served Baalim, and the groves.” This Baal was Moloch, M’lch Karta, or Hercules. He was worshipped wherever the Phœnicians went. How could the Israelites possibly keep together as tribes, while, on the authority of the {{Style S-Italic|Bible}} itself, whole populations were from year to year uprooted violently by Assyrian and other conquerors? “So was Israel carried away out of their own land to Assyria unto this day. And the king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Ava, and from Hamath, and from Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria {{Style S-Italic|instead}} of the children of Israel” (2 {{Style S-Italic|Kings,}} xvii. 23, 24).

If the language of Palestine became in time Semitic, it is because of Assyrian influence; for Phœnicia had become a dependency as early as the days of Hiram, and the Phœnicians evidently changed their language from Hamitic to Semitic. Assyria was “the land of Nimrod” (from {{Style S-Italic|Nimr,}} spotted), and Nimrod was Bacchus, with his spotted leopard-skin. This leopard-skin is a sacred appendage of the “Mysteries;” it was used

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~~[#fn850anc 850]. ~~Prof. A. Wilder among others.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn850}} Prof. A. Wilder among others.

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569 HEBRON, CITY OF THE GIANTS.

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in the Eleusinian as well as in the Egyptian Mysteries; it is found sculptured on the {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievos}} of Central American ruins, covering the backs of the sacrificers; it is mentioned in the earliest speculations of the Brahmans on the meaning of their sacrificial prayers, the {{~~Style S-Italic~~|~~Aytareya Brahmanam.[#~~fn851 ~~851]~~}} It is used in the {{Style S-Italic|Agnishtoma}}, the {{Style S-Italic|initiation rites}} of the Soma Mystery. When the neophyte is “to be born again,” he is covered with a leopard-skin, out of which he emerges as from his mother’s womb. The Kabeiri were also Assyrian gods. They had different names; in the common language they were known as Jupiter and Bacchus, and sometimes as Achiochersus, Aschieros, Achiochersa, and Cadmillus; and even the true number of these deities was uncertain with the people. They had other names in the “sacred language,” known but to the hierophants and priests; and “it was not lawful to mention them.” How is it then that we find them reproduced in their Samothracian “postures” on the walls of Nagkon-Wat? How is it again that we find them pronounced—albeit slightly disfigured—as known in that same sacred language, by the populations of Siam, Thibet, and India?

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{{Style P-No indent|in the Eleusinian as well as in the Egyptian Mysteries; it is found sculptured on the {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievos}} of Central American ruins, covering the backs of the sacrificers; it is mentioned in the earliest speculations of the Brahmans on the meaning of their sacrificial prayers, the ''Aytareya Brahmanam''.{{Footnote mark|*|fn851}} It is used in the {{Style S-Italic|Agnishtoma}}, the {{Style S-Italic|initiation rites}} of the Soma Mystery. When the neophyte is “to be born again,” he is covered with a leopard-skin, out of which he emerges as from his mother’s womb. The Kabeiri were also Assyrian gods. They had different names; in the common language they were known as Jupiter and Bacchus, and sometimes as Achiochersus, Aschieros, Achiochersa, and Cadmillus; and even the true number of these deities was uncertain with the people. They had other names in the “sacred language,” known but to the hierophants and priests; and “it was not lawful to mention them.” How is it then that we find them reproduced in their Samothracian “postures” on the walls of Nagkon-Wat? How is it again that we find them pronounced—albeit slightly disfigured—as known in that same sacred language, by the populations of Siam, Thibet, and India?}}

The name Kabeiri may be a derivation from אבר, {{Style S-Italic|Abir}}, great; הבר, {{Style S-Italic|Ebir,}} an astrologer, or חבר, {{Style S-Italic|Chabir,}} an associate; and they were worshipped at Hebron, the city of the {{Style S-Italic|Anakes—}}the giants. The name Abraham, according to Dr. Wilder, has “a very Kabeirian look.” The word {{Style S-Italic|Heber}}, or {{Style S-Italic|Gheber}} may be the etymological root of the Hebrews, as applied to Nimrod and the Bible-giants of the sixth chapter of {{Style S-Italic|Genesis,}} but we must seek for their origin far earlier than the days of Moses. The name {{Style S-Italic|Phœnician}} affords its own proof. They are called Φοινικες by Manetho, or {{Style S-Italic|Ph’ Anakes,}} which shows that the Anakes or {{Style S-Italic|Anakim}} of Canaan, with whom the people of Israel, if not identical in race, had, by intermarriage, become entirely absorbed, were the Phœnicians, or the problematical Hyk-sos, as Manetho has it, and whom Josephus once declared were the direct ancestors of the Israelites. Therefore, it is in this jumble of contradictory opinions, authorities, and historical {{Style S-Italic|olla podrida}} that we must look for a solution of the mystery. So long as the origin of the Hyk-sos is not positively settled we can know nothing certain of the Israelitish people who, either wittingly or otherwise, have mixed up their chronology and origin in such an inextricable tangle. But if the Hyk-sos can be proved to have been the Pali-Shepherds of the Indus, who partially removed to the East, and came over from the nomadic Aryan tribes of India, then, perhaps, it would account for the biblical myths being so mixed up with the Aryan and Asiatic Mystery-gods. As Dunlap says: “The Hebrews came out of Egypt among

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~~[#fn851anc 851]. ~~See Martin Haug’s translation: “The Aytareya Brahmanam.”

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{{Footnote return|*|fn850}} See Martin Haug’s translation: “The Aytareya Brahmanam.”

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570 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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the Canaanites; they need not be traced beyond the {{Style S-Italic|Exodus. That is their historical beginning.}} It was very easy to cover up this remote event by the recital of mythical traditions, and to prefix to it an account of their origin in which the gods (patriarchs) should figure as their ancestors.” But it is not {{Style S-Italic|their historical beginning}} which is the most vital question for the world of science and theology. It is their {{Style S-Italic|religious}} beginning. And if we can trace it through the Hyk-sos—Phœnicians, the Æthiopian builders and the Chaldeans—whether it is to the Hindus that the latter owe their learning, or the Brahmans who owe it to the Chaldeans, we have the means in hand to trace every so-called {{Style S-Italic|revealed}} dogmatical assertion in the {{Style S-Italic|Bible}} to its origin, which we have to search for in the twilight of history, and before the separation of the Aryan and Semitic families. And how can we do it better or more surely than through means afforded us by archæology? Picture-writing can be destroyed, but if it survives it cannot lie; and, if we find the same myths, ideas, and secret symbols on monuments all over the world; and if, moreover, these monuments can be shown to antedate the twelve “chosen” tribes, then we can unerringly show that instead of being a direct divine {{Style S-Italic|revelation}}, it was but an incomplete recollection or tradition among a tribe which had been identified and mixed up for centuries before the apparition of Abraham, with all the three great world-families; namely, the Aryan, Semitic, and Turanian nations, if so they must be called.

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{{Style P-No indent|the Canaanites; they need not be traced beyond the {{Style S-Italic|Exodus. That is their historical beginning.}} It was very easy to cover up this remote event by the recital of mythical traditions, and to prefix to it an account of their origin in which the gods (patriarchs) should figure as their ancestors.” But it is not {{Style S-Italic|their historical beginning}} which is the most vital question for the world of science and theology. It is their {{Style S-Italic|religious}} beginning. And if we can trace it through the Hyk-sos—Phœnicians, the Æthiopian builders and the Chaldeans—whether it is to the Hindus that the latter owe their learning, or the Brahmans who owe it to the Chaldeans, we have the means in hand to trace every so-called {{Style S-Italic|revealed}} dogmatical assertion in the {{Style S-Italic|Bible}} to its origin, which we have to search for in the twilight of history, and before the separation of the Aryan and Semitic families. And how can we do it better or more surely than through means afforded us by archæology? Picture-writing can be destroyed, but if it survives it cannot lie; and, if we find the same myths, ideas, and secret symbols on monuments all over the world; and if, moreover, these monuments can be shown to antedate the twelve “chosen” tribes, then we can unerringly show that instead of being a direct divine {{Style S-Italic|revelation}}, it was but an incomplete recollection or tradition among a tribe which had been identified and mixed up for centuries before the apparition of Abraham, with all the three great world-families; namely, the Aryan, Semitic, and Turanian nations, if so they must be called.}}

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The {{Style S-Italic|Teraphim}} of Abram’s father, {{Style S-Italic|Terah,}} the “maker of images,” were the Kabeiri gods, and we see them worshipped by Micah, by the Danites, and others.~~[#~~fn852 ~~852]~~ Teraphim were identical with the seraphim, and these were serpent-images, the origin of which is in the Sanscrit {{Style S-Italic|sarpâ}} (the serpent), a symbol sacred to all the deities as a symbol of immortality. Kiyun, or the god Kivan, worshipped by the Hebrews in the wilderness, is Siva, the Hindu,~~[#~~fn853 ~~853]~~ as well as Saturn.~~[#~~fn854 ~~854]~~ The Greek story shows that Dardanus, the Arcadian, having received them as a dowry, carried them to Samothrace, and from thence to Troy; and they were worshipped far before the days of glory of Tyre or Sidon, though the former had been built 2760 b.c. From where did Dardanus derive them?

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The {{Style S-Italic|Teraphim}} of Abram’s father, {{Style S-Italic|Terah,}} the “maker of images,” were the Kabeiri gods, and we see them worshipped by Micah, by the Danites, and others.{{Footnote mark|*|fn852}} Teraphim were identical with the seraphim, and these were serpent-images, the origin of which is in the Sanscrit {{Style S-Italic|sarpâ}} (the serpent), a symbol sacred to all the deities as a symbol of immortality. Kiyun, or the god Kivan, worshipped by the Hebrews in the wilderness, is Siva, the Hindu,{{Footnote mark|†|fn853}} as well as Saturn.{{Footnote mark|‡|fn854}} The Greek story shows that Dardanus, the Arcadian, having received them as a dowry, carried them to Samothrace, and from thence to Troy; and they were worshipped far before the days of glory of Tyre or Sidon, though the former had been built 2760 b.c. From where did Dardanus derive them?

It is an easy matter to assign an age to ruins on merely the external evidence of probabilities; it is more difficult to prove it. Meanwhile the rock-works of Ruad, Perytus, Marathos, resemble those of Petra, Baalbek,

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~~[#fn852anc 852]. ~~Judges xvii-xviii., etc.

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{{Footnote return|*|fn852}} Judges xvii-xviii., etc.

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~~[#fn853anc 853]. ~~The Zendic {{Style S-Italic|H}} is {{Style S-Italic|S}} in India. Thus Hapta is Sapta; {{Style S-Italic|Hindu}} is {{Style S-Italic|Sindhaya.}} (A. Wilder.) “. . . the {{Style S-Italic|S}} continually softens to {{Style S-Italic|H}} from Greece to Calcutta, from the Caucasus to Egypt,” says Dunlap. Therefore the letters {{Style S-Italic|K, H,}} and {{Style S-Italic|S}} are interchangeable.

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{{Footnote return|†|fn853}} The Zendic {{Style S-Italic|H}} is {{Style S-Italic|S}} in India. Thus Hapta is Sapta; {{Style S-Italic|Hindu}} is {{Style S-Italic|Sindhaya.}} (A. Wilder.) “. . . the {{Style S-Italic|S}} continually softens to {{Style S-Italic|H}} from Greece to Calcutta, from the Caucasus to Egypt,” says Dunlap. Therefore the letters {{Style S-Italic|K, H,}} and {{Style S-Italic|S}} are interchangeable.

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~~[#fn854anc 854]. ~~Guignant: “Op. cit.,” vol. i., p. 167.

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{{Footnote return|‡|fn854}} Guignant: “Op. cit.,” vol. i., p. 167.

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571 “THE LAND OF THE WHITE ELEPHANT.”

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and other Æthiopian works, even externally. On the other hand the assertions of certain archæologists who find no resemblance between the temples of Central America and those of Egypt and Siam, leave the symbologist, acquainted with the secret language of picture-writing, perfectly unconcerned. He sees the landmarks of one and the same doctrine on all of these monuments, and reads their history and affiliation in signs imperceptible to the uninitiated scientist. There are traditions also; and one of these speaks of the last of the king-initiates—(who were but rarely admitted to the higher orders of the Eastern Brotherhoods), who reigned in 1670. This king of Siam was the one so ridiculed by the French ambassador, de la Loubere, as a lunatic who had been searching all his life for the philosopher’s stone.

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{{Style P-No indent|and other Æthiopian works, even externally. On the other hand the assertions of certain archæologists who find no resemblance between the temples of Central America and those of Egypt and Siam, leave the symbologist, acquainted with the secret language of picture-writing, perfectly unconcerned. He sees the landmarks of one and the same doctrine on all of these monuments, and reads their history and affiliation in signs imperceptible to the uninitiated scientist. There are traditions also; and one of these speaks of the last of the king-initiates—(who were but rarely admitted to the higher orders of the Eastern Brotherhoods), who reigned in 1670. This king of Siam was the one so ridiculed by the French ambassador, de la Loubere, as a lunatic who had been searching all his life for the philosopher’s stone.}}

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One of such mysterious landmarks is found in the peculiar structure of certain arches in the temples. The author of the {{Style S-Italic|Land of the White Elephant}} remarks as curious, “the absence of the keystone in the arches of the building, and the undecipherable inscriptions.” In the ruins of Santa Cruz del Quiche an arched corridor was found by Stephens, equally without a keystone. Describing the desolate ruins of Palenque, and remarking that the arches of the corridors were all built on this model, and the ceilings in this form, he supposes that “the builders were evidently ignorant of the principles of the arch, and the support was made by stones lapping over as they rose; as at Ocosingo, and among Cyclopean remains in Greece and Italy.”~~[#~~fn855 ~~855]~~ In other buildings, though they belong to the same group, the traveller found the missing keystone, which is a sufficient proof that its omission elsewhere was {{Style S-Italic|premeditated.}}

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One of such mysterious landmarks is found in the peculiar structure of certain arches in the temples. The author of the {{Style S-Italic|Land of the White Elephant}} remarks as curious, “the absence of the keystone in the arches of the building, and the undecipherable inscriptions.” In the ruins of Santa Cruz del Quiche an arched corridor was found by Stephens, equally without a keystone. Describing the desolate ruins of Palenque, and remarking that the arches of the corridors were all built on this model, and the ceilings in this form, he supposes that “the builders were evidently ignorant of the principles of the arch, and the support was made by stones lapping over as they rose; as at Ocosingo, and among Cyclopean remains in Greece and Italy.”{{Footnote mark|*|fn855}} In other buildings, though they belong to the same group, the traveller found the missing keystone, which is a sufficient proof that its omission elsewhere was {{Style S-Italic|premeditated.}}

May we not look for the solution of the mystery in the Masonic manual? The keystone has an esoteric meaning which ought to be, if it is not, well appreciated by high Masons. The most important subterranean building mentioned in the description of the origin of Freemasonry, is the one built by Enoch. The patriarch is led by the Deity, whom he sees in a vision, into the {{Style S-Italic|nine}} vaults. After that, with the assistance of his son, Methuselah, he constructs in the land of Canaan, “in the bowels of the mountain,” nine apartments on the models that were shown to him in the vision. Each was roofed with an arch, and the apex of each {{Style S-Italic|formed a keystone,}} having inscribed on it the mirific characters. Each of the latter, furthermore, represented one of the nine names, traced in characters emblematical of the attributes by which the Deity was, according to ancient Freemasonry, known to the antediluvian brethren. Then Enoch constructed two deltas of the purest gold, and tracing two of the mysterious characters on each, he placed one of them in the deepest arch, and

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~~[#fn855anc 855]. ~~“Incidents of Travel in Central America, etc.”

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{{Footnote return|*|fn855}} “Incidents of Travel in Central America, etc.”

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572 THE VEIL OF ISIS.

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the other entrusted to Methuselah, communicating to him, at the same time, other important secrets {{Style S-Italic|now lost to Freemasonry.}}

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{{Style P-No indent|the other entrusted to Methuselah, communicating to him, at the same time, other important secrets {{Style S-Italic|now lost to Freemasonry.}}}}

And so, among these arcane secrets, now lost to their modern successors, may be found also the fact that the keystones were used in the arches only in certain portions of the temples devoted to special purposes. Another similarity presented by the architectural remains of the religious monuments of every country can be found in the identity of parts, courses, and measurements. All these buildings belong to the age of Hermes Trismegistus, and however comparatively modern or ancient the temple may seem, their mathematical proportions are found to correspond with the Egyptian religious edifices. There is a similar disposition of court-yards, adyta, passages, and steps; hence, despite any dissimilarity in architectural style, it is a warrantable inference that like religious rites were celebrated in all. Says Dr. Stukely, concerning Stonehenge: “This structure was not erected upon any Roman measure, and this is demonstrated by the great number of fractions which the measurement of each part, according to European scales, gives. On the contrary the figures become even, as soon as we apply to it the measurement of the ancient cubit, which was common to the Hebrew children of Shem, as well as to the Phœnicians and Egyptians, children of Ham (?), and imitators of the monuments of unhewn and oracular stones.”

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The presence of the artificial lakes, and their peculiar disposition on the consecrated grounds, is also a fact of great importance. The lakes inside the precincts of Karnak, and those enclosed in the grounds of Nagkon-Wat, and around the temples in the Mexican Copan and Santa Cruz del Quiche, will be found to present the same peculiarities. Besides possessing other significances the whole area was laid out with reference to cyclic calculations. In the Druidical structures the same sacred and mysterious numbers will be found. The circle of stones generally consists of either twelve, or twenty-one, or thirty-six. In these circles the centre place belongs to Assar, Azon, or the god in the circle, by whatever other name he might have been known. The thirteen Mexican serpent-gods bear a distant relationship to the thirteen stones of the Druidical ruins. The  (Tau), and the astronomical cross of Egypt  are conspicuous in several apertures of the remains of Palenque. In one of the {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievos}} of the Palace of Palenque, on the west side, sculptured on a hieroglyphic, right under the seated figure, is a {{Style S-Italic|Tau.}} The standing figure, which leans over the first one, is in the act of covering its head with the left hand with the veil of initiation; while it extends its right with the index and middle finger pointing to heaven. The position is precisely that of a Christian bishop giving his blessing, or the one in which Jesus is often represented while at the Last Supper. Even the Hindu

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The presence of the artificial lakes, and their peculiar disposition on the consecrated grounds, is also a fact of great importance. The lakes inside the precincts of Karnak, and those enclosed in the grounds of Nagkon-Wat, and around the temples in the Mexican Copan and Santa Cruz del Quiche, will be found to present the same peculiarities. Besides possessing other significances the whole area was laid out with reference to cyclic calculations. In the Druidical structures the same sacred and mysterious numbers will be found. The circle of stones generally consists of either twelve, or twenty-one, or thirty-six. In these circles the centre place belongs to Assar, Azon, or the god in the circle, by whatever other name he might have been known. The thirteen Mexican serpent-gods bear a distant relationship to the thirteen stones of the Druidical ruins. The Τ (Tau), and the astronomical cross of Egypt [[File:Astronomical cross.svg|15px]] are conspicuous in several apertures of the remains of Palenque. In one of the {{Style S-Italic|basso-relievos}} of the Palace of Palenque, on the west side, sculptured on a hieroglyphic, right under the seated figure, is a {{Style S-Italic|Tau.}} The standing figure, which leans over the first one, is in the act of covering its head with the left hand with the veil of initiation; while it extends its right with the index and middle finger pointing to heaven. The position is precisely that of a Christian bishop giving his blessing, or the one in which Jesus is often represented while at the Last Supper. Even the Hindu

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573 THE RIDDLES OF THE SPHINXES

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elephant-headed god of wisdom (or magic learning), Ganesha, may be found among the stucco figures of the Mexican ruins.

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{{Style P-No indent|elephant-headed god of wisdom (or magic learning), Ganesha, may be found among the stucco figures of the Mexican ruins.}}

What explanation can the archæologists, philologists—in short, the chosen host of Academicians—give us? None whatever. At best they have but hypotheses, every one of which is likely to be pulled down by its successor—a pseudo-truth, perhaps, like the first. The keys to the biblical miracles of old, and to the phenomena of modern days; the problems of psychology, physiology, and the many “missing links” which have so perplexed scientists of late, are all in the hands of secret fraternities. This mystery {{Style S-Italic|must be}} unveiled some day. But till then dark skepticism will constantly interpose its threatening, ugly shadow between God’s truths and the spiritual vision of mankind; and many are those who, infected by the mortal epidemic of our century—hopeless materialism—will remain in doubt and mortal agony as to whether, when man dies, he will live again, although the question has been solved by long bygone generations of sages. The answers are there. They may be found on the time-worn granite pages of cave-temples, on sphinxes, propylons, and obelisks. They have stood there for untold ages, and neither the rude assault of time, nor the still ruder assault of Christian hands, have succeeded in obliterating their records. All covered with the problems which were solved—who can tell? perhaps by the archaic forefathers of their builders—the solution follows each question; and this the Christian could not appropriate, for, except the initiates, no one has understood the mystic writing. The key was in the keeping of those who knew how to commune with the invisible Presence, and who had received, from the lips of mother Nature herself, her grand truths. And so stand these monuments like mute forgotten sentinels on the threshold of that {{Style S-Italic|unseen}} world, whose gates are thrown open but to a few elect.

Defying the hand of Time, the vain inquiry of profane science, the insults of the revealed religions, they will disclose their riddles to none but the legatees of those by whom they were entrusted with the mystery. The cold, stony lips of the once vocal Memnon, and of these hardy sphinxes, keep their secrets well. Who will unseal them? Who of our modern, materialistic dwarfs and unbelieving Sadducees will dare to lift the Veil of Isis?

Pavel Malakhov

Bureaucrats, Interface administrators, Administrators (Semantic MediaWiki), Curators (Semantic MediaWiki), Editors (Semantic MediaWiki), Suppressors, Administrators, trusted

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