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'''Judge, William Quan (1851-1896)''' *Practical Occultism. From the Private Letters of Wm. Q. Judge. Pasadena, Calif.: Theosophical University Press, 1951. 307 pp.
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'''Justin Martyr (Justinius Flavius, 100P-165 a.d.)'''. *The First Apology of St. Justin for the Christians, to the Emperor Antonius Pius. Engl. tr. by John Kaye. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1912.—*Hortatory Address to the Greeks. Migne, Patr. C. Compl., Ser. Graeco-Lat., Vol. VI, 309 et seq.
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'''Keightley, Dr. Archibald (1859-1930)'''. *“A Law of Life: Karma,” Lucifer, Vol. I, September and October, 1887.
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'''Kenealy, Edward Vaughan Hyde'''. Irish barrister, b. July 2, 1819; d. Apr. 16, 1880. Roman Catholic parents; forsook his faith in early life; private schooling at Cork; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1835; LL.B., 1846; LL.D., 1850. Called to Irish Bar, 1840. Became student of Gray’s Inn, 1838. Called to English Bar, 1847, settling in London. Queen’s Counsel, 1868. Prosecuted, 1850, by guardians of the West London Union for punishing with undue severity Edward Hyde, his natural son, aged 6, and was imprisoned for a month. Famous lawyer, but often violent in manner; suffered from diabetes, and was not always fair in trials. Finally disbarred, 1874, for unfair practices. Started Magna Charta association. Elected M.P. 1875, but was not successful in Parliament. Had eleven children; great reader, voluminous writer, his poems containing translations from twelve different tongues, inch Arabic, Hindustani, Bengali, etc.


Chief works: The Book of Enoch, the Second Messenger of God. 2 vols. Ill. London: Trübner & Co. [no year].—*The Book of God: Part I—The Apocalypse of Adam-Oannes. Greek and English. London: Reeves & Turner [1867]. 647 pp. Part II—An Introduction to the Apocalypse. London: Trübner & Co.; 752 pp. Part III —A Commentary on the Apocalypse. Ibid., 854 pp.—Fo, the Third Messenger of God. London: Englishman’s Office, 1878; cclxxxvii, 333 pp.
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'''Khandalavala, Navroji Dorabji'''. *“The Bhagavad-Gita and the Microcosmic Principles,” The Theosophist, Vol. VIII, No. 96, September, 1887, pp. 743-48.
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'''King, Charles William (1818-1888)'''. *The Gnostics and Their Remains. London, 1864. 8vo.; 2nd ed., with bibliogr. app. by J. Jacobs. London: D. Nutt, 1887. 8vo. xxiii, 466 pp.
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'''Kingsford, Dr. Anna Bonus (1846-1888)''' and Edward Maitland (1824-1897). *The Perfect Way, or the Finding of Christ. London, 1882. 8vo.; rev. and enl. ed., London: Field & Tuer, 1887. 8vo.
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'''Kisewetter, Karl''', *“The Rosicrucians,” The Theosophist, Vol. VII, April, 1886, pp. 451-61.
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'''Knight, Richard Payne (1750-1824)'''. *An Analytical Essay on the Greek Alphabet. London: J. Nichols, 1791. 4to.
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'''Lactantius, Lucius Caecilius Firmianus (260?-325 a.d.)'''. *Divinarum Institutionum Libri VII (Divine Institutes). Migne, Patr. C. Compl., Ser. Lat., Vol. VI.
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'''Lalande, Joseph Jérôme Le Français de (1732-1807)'''. *Astronomie. Paris, 1764. 2 vols.; enl. ed., Paris, 1771-81.4 vols.; 3rd ed., Paris: P. Didot, 1792. 3 vols.
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'''Lapide, Cornelius Cornelii à (1567-1637)'''. Latin passage from one of his works, but actual source has not been identified. Vide Vol. VII, p. 379, for biogr. data about the author.
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'''Lenormant, François'''. French Assyriologist and archaeologist, b. in Paris, Jan. 17, 1837; d. in Paris, Dec. 9, 1883. Son of a well- known archaeologist, Charles Lenormant, who died at Athens, 1859, when father and son were visiting Greece. Lenormant beeame sub-librarian of the Institute, 1862, and prof, of archaeology at the Bibliothèque Nationale, 1874. He made many archaeological expeditions in the Mediterranean. He was one of the first to recognize in the cuneiform inscriptions the existence of a non-Semitic language now known as Accadian. His best-known work is *Les origines de l’histoire d’après la Bible et les traditions des peuples orientaux, 2 vols., Paris, 1880-84, 8vo. (Engl. tr. by Mary Lockwood, as The Beginnings of History, etc.; London: Sampson Low & Co., 1883, 8vo.; New York: Scribner’s sons, 1882.)
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'''Lévi, Éliphas (1810?-1875)'''—pseud, of the Abbé Alphonse Louis Constant. *La Science des Esprits. New ed., Paris: Félix Alcan, 1909.
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'''Lewes, George Henry'''. English author, b. in London, April 18, 1817; d. Nov. 30, 1878. Educ. at various schools. Studied medicine; spent two years in Germany studying the life and culture of that country. Wrote for newspapers and magazines in London, until he became one of the foremost literateurs. Later studies became a valuable contribution to psychology. In philosophy, he was a positivist, opposed to metaphysics, but in later life admitted possibility of empirical metaphysics. Chief works: The Biographical History of Philosophy, 1845—The Problems of Life and Mind. London, 1874-79.—The Physical Basis of Mind. London: Trübner & Co., 1877; Boston: J. R. Osgood & Co., 1877.
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'''Lewins, Dr. Robert'''. *Auto-Centricism; or the Brain Theory of Life and Mind, London, 1888.—* Humanism versus Theism. London: W. Stewart & Co., 1887.
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'''Liddell, H. G. and Robert Scott'''. *Greek-English Lexicon. First ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1845; 8th ed., 1929.
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'''Liébault, Ambroise-Auguste'''. French physician, b. at Farrières (Meurthe), Sept. 16, 1823, twelfth child of parents who were cultivators, and desired him to become a priest; instead, he took up the study of medicine, receiving his Doctorate at Strassburg in 1851. His great interest in mesmerism, and later in Braidism (Hypnotism), and his practical experiments along these lines, resulted in his discovery of Therapeutic Suggestion—the healing of disease by suggestion. He met with obstinate opposition and persecution from the profession, and removed to Nancy, 1864, to find freer scope for his work. He was disappointed in this and subjected to more antagonism; he would have been persecuted as a charlatan if he had not confined his treatments to the poorer classes, and cured their diseases without remuneration. For {{Page aside|464}}eighteen years Liébault was considered crazy by the highest representatives of medical science. At last the tide turned, and Dr. Hippolyte Bernheim (q.v.), a man of great moral courage, altered his views about Liébault’s work, stepped forth as his disciple, and became his defender and collaborator. Thus, in due course of time the Nancy School of therapeutic suggestion became a fact, opposed by the Charcot School at La Salpêtrière. Dr. Liébault lived to witness the complete vindication of his work. He died at Nancy in 1904.
Vide Col. H. S. Olcott’s account of his memorable visit to the home of Dr. Liébault, in Old Diary Leaves, Vol. IV, pp. 374-77.
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'''Liégeois, Jules'''. French professor and lawyer, b. at Damvilliers, 1833; d. from accident at Bains-les-Bains, 1908. Doctor of Law and prof, of administrative law at the Univ, of Nancy, he wrote several works on political economy and jurisprudence. He then devoted himself to the study of hypnotism and its effect on responsibility. Works: De la suggestion hypnotique dans ses rapports avec le droit civil et le droit criminel, 1884.—De la suggestion et du somnambulisme, etc., 1889.
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'''Lillie, Arthur (1831-?)'''. *Buddha and Early Buddhism. New
York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1882. xiv, 256 pp., ills.—*Buddhism in Christendom, or Jesus the Essene . . . with ills. London: Kegan, Paul & Co., 1887. xii, 410 pp. 8vo.—The first of these works was reviewed by one of the high Chelas in the early days of the Theosophical Movement, Dharani Dhar Kauthumi, and this review may be found in The Theosophist, Vol. V, February, 1884, pp. 125-129. H. P. B. appended to it some Editorial footnotes {Vide Vol. VI, pp. 157-58, of the present Series), and it is likely that Master K.H., had something to do with it also, as would appear from a statement in The Mahatma Letters, p. 201.
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'''Lucian of Samosata (120-200 a.d.)'''. *De Dea Syria. Attributed to Lucian by some scholars. The reference does not seem to correspond to any passage in this short work.—*luppiter confutatus (Zeus Cross-Examined), ed. of C. Jacobitz.—*Judicium Vocalium (Trial in the Court of Vowels). See The Works of Lucian of Samosata. Tr. by H. W. and F. G. Fowler. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905 and 1939. 4 vols.—*Philopatris, ed. of C. Jacobitz.
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'''McTaggart, Captain W. B. (?-1919)'''. English author, educ. at Harrow. Joined 14th Hussars, 1868; ret., 1879. Chairman, Mysore Gold Min. Co., Ltd. Published Absolute Relativism. London: W. Stewart & Co., 1887; and *An Examination and Popular Exposition of the Hylo-Idealistic Philosophy. London, 1884.
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'''Mainlânder, Philipp {pseud, of Dr. Philipp Batz)'''. *Pessimism and Progress. This work has remained untraced.
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'''Mansel, Henry Longueville'''. English philosopher, b. at Cosgrove, Northamptonshire, Oct. 6, 1820; d. July 31, 1871. Educ. at {{Page aside|465}}Merchant Taylor’s School and St. John’s Coll., Oxford. Appointed reader in moral and metaphysical philosophy at Magdalen College, 1855, and Waynflete professor, 1859. Opposed university reform and Hegelianism. Prof, of ecclesiastical history, 1867, and Dean of St. Paul’s, 1868. His philosophy followed Aristotle and Kant; he taught the duality of consciousness as testifying to both self and the external world, and denied all knowledge of the supersensuous. Works: Prolegomena logica, 1851; 2nd ed., 1862.—The Limits of Religious Thought, 1858; 5th ed., 1867.—The Philosophy of the Conditioned. London: A. Strachan, 1866.— The Gnostic Heresies, 1875.
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'''Marryat, Florence (1837-1899)'''. *A Daughter of the Tropics. A Novel. London: F. V. White & Co., 1887. 3 vols. 8vo.
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'''Massey, Gerald'''. English poet and Egyptologist, b. in a hut at Gamble Wharf, on the Canal near Tring, May 29, 1828. He was the son of Wm. Massey, a canal boatman, and his wife Mary. His father brought up a large family on a weekly wage of some ten shillings. Gerald said of himself that he had no childhood. He received a scanty education at the national school of Tring, and was put to work when eight, at a silk mill in same town. Worked from five a.m. to six p.m., earning from ninepence to one shilling and threepence a week. Later he tried strawplaiting. The marshy district of Buckinghamshire induced ague, so he went to London at fifteen, and became an errand boy. Reading was his absorbing passion from childhood; gradually he developed poetical inclinations; during leisure time he studied French, and the works of Thomas Paine, Volney and Howitt. Published in 1848 his first volume of Poems and Chansons, with a bookseller at Tring, selling some 250 copies at one shilling each. The revolutionary spirit of the time caught his enthusiasm, and, joining the Chartists, he applied his pen to the support of their cause. In 1849, being 2L began editing at Uxbridge a paper written by workingmen and called The Spirit of Freedom, in collaboration with John Bedford. Contributed, 1850, some powerful verse to Cooper's Journal. His sympathies veered then to the religious side of the reforming movement, and he associated himself with the Christian Socialists under Frederick Denison Maurice; he acted as secretary of the Chr. Socialist Board and wrote verses for The Christian Socialist. In the same year he published a second volume of poems, Voices of Freedom and Lyrics of Love. In 1851, he welcomed Kossuth to England in a forceful poem, and later championed the cause of Italian unity. A third volume of poems, entitled The Ballad of Babe Christabel and Other Poems, published in 1854, fully established his position as poet of liberty, labor and the people; this work went through five editions in one year and was reprinted in New York. Tennyson and Ruskin acknowledged his talent. Five further volumes of poems appeared within a short time.
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Massey also sought livelihood in journalism. From 1854, he wrote for the Athenaeum', Charles Dickens accepted poems from him for All the Year Round', the first issue of Good Words, 1860, had a poem of his on Garibaldi. In the meantime, Massey had married and found it hard to bring up a family on the proceeds of his pen. He left London for Edinburgh, 1854, where he wrote for Chambers’ Journal. He also took to lecturing at literary institutes, on poetry, pre-Raphaelite art and Christian socialism, attracting large audiences. Moved to Monk’s Green, Hertfordshire, 1857, then to Brentwood, Coniston. While living for four years at Rickmans- worth, found a helpful admirer in Lady Marian Alford; her son, Lord Brownlow, provided him, 1862, with a house on his estate, called Ward’s Hurst, near Little Gaddesden; remained there until 1877. It was during this sojourn that Massey developed an absorbing interest in psychic phenomena, issuing, 1871, a somewhat credulous book on Spiritualism, which he afterwards withdrew. Soon after, he made three lecture tours in America; the first, 1873-74, incl. California and Canada; the second, 1883-85, incl. Australia and New Zealand; the third opened in 1888, but the fatal illness of a daughter brought it to an early close. Massey lectured chiefly on mesmerism, the mystical interpretation of the Scriptures, and spiritualism, printing privately many of his discourses.
Among these lectures, special mention should be made of the following ones:
{{Style P-Quote|The Historical {Jewish} Jesus and the Mythical (Egyptian) Christ.
Paul the Gnostic Opponent of Peter, not an Apostle of Historic Christianity.
The Logia of the Lord; or, the Pre-Christian Sayings ascribed to Jesus the Christ.
The Devil of Darkness in the Light of Evolution.
The Seven Souls of Man, and their Culmination in Christ.
Gnostic and Historic Christianity.
The Name and Nature of the Christ (in the Agnostic Annual of 1888). The Hebrew and Other Creations Fundamentally Explained.
Luniolatry: Ancient and Modern.}}
H. P. B. repeatedly quotes from these lectures and refers the reader to them, both in her individual articles and in The Secret Doctrine·, while careful to state that she does not endorse many of Massey’s deductions, she nevertheless upholds to a very great extent many of his views and especially the uncontrovertible facts and evidences which he brings forward.
In regard to the character of Gerald Massey, the following passage occurs in the pages of Lucifer (Vol. Ill, p. 74):




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