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Spadalieri, J. +

Baron, pupil and correspondent of Éliphas Lévi. He supplied unpublished writings by Lévi to the editors of the Theosophical journal. Together with [[Courmes, Dominique Albert|D. A. Courmes]], met [[Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna|H. P. Blavatsky]] and [[Olcott, Henry Steel|H. S. Olcott]] at Marseilles in March 1884 on their arrival from India. ([[Zirkoff, Boris|B. de Zirkoff]], [[Zirkoff B. - Chronological Survey & Key to Abbreviations (BCW vol.6)#xxvii|BCW 6:xxvii]]) +

Sparsa +

The sense of touch. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Speaker’s Commentary +

A commentary on the Authorized Version of the Bible, edited by F. C. Cook and published in London in 1871-1876. It was prepared by Anglican clergy at the suggestion of J. E. Denison, Speaker of the House of Commons, whose office supplied its familiar name. (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.2)#544|2:544-545]][[SMW::on]]). +

Spencer, Herbert +

Works listed include “Genesis of Superstition” in Popular Science Monthly (March 1875), The Principles of Sociology (1876), and Principles of Psychology (1855). (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.2)#545|2:545]][[SMW::on]]). Author of “Religion: A Retrospect and Prospect”, published in ''Nineteenth Century'', volume XV, January 1884. (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.6)#446|6:446]][[SMW::on]]). The bibliography lists First Principles and the article Religion: A Retrospect and Prospect, published in Nineteenth Century in January 1884 (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.8)#475|8:475]][[SMW::on]]). Bibliographical references include: First Principles, 1862; rev. ed. 1900 (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.11)#591|11:591]][[SMW::on]]). +

Spenta Armaita +

The female genius of the earth; the “fair daughter of Ahura Mazda ”. With the Mazdeans, ''Spenta Armaita'' is the personified Earth. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Sphinx (periodical) +

Leipzig periodical edited by Wilhelm Hübbe-Schleiden in 1886-1896, comprising twenty-two volumes; succeeded by Metaphysische Rundschau (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.10)#430|10:430]][[SMW::on]]). +

Spirit +

The lack of any mutual agreement between writers in the use of this word has resulted in dire confusion. It is commonly made synonymous with ''soul''; and the lexicographers countenance the usage. In Theosophical teachings. the term “Spirit” is applied solely to that which ''belongs directly to Universal'' ''Consciousness'', and which is its homogeneous and unadulterated emanation. Thus, the higher Mind in Man or his Ego (Manas) is, when linked indissolubly with Buddhi, a spirit; while the term “Soul”, human or even animal (the lower Manas acting in animals as instinct), is applied only to Kâma‐Manas, and qualified as the living soul. This is ''nephesh'', in Hebrew, the “breath of life”. Spirit is formless and ''immaterial'', being, when individualised, of the highest spiritual substance — ''Suddasatwa'', the divine essence, of which the body of the manifesting ''highest ''Dhyanis are formed. Therefore, the Theosophists reject the appellation “ Spirits” for those phantoms which appear in the phenomenal manifestations of the Spiritualists, and call them “shells”, and various other names. (See [[Sukshma Sarira|Sukshma Sarîra]].) Spirit, in short, is no entity in the sense of having form ; for, as Buddhist philosophy has it, where there is a form, there is a cause for pain and suffering. But each ''individual ''spirit — this individuality lasting only throughout the manvantaric life‐cycle — may be described as a ''centre of '' ''consciousness'', a self‐sentient and self‐conscious centre; a state, not a conditioned individual. This is why there is such a wealth of words in Sanskrit to express the different States of Being, Beings and Entities, each appellation showing the philosophical difference, the plane to which such ''unit'' belongs, and the degree of its spirituality or materiality. Unfortunately these terms are almost untranslatable into our Western tongues. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG).

Spiritual Scientist +

A weekly journal devoted to the science, history, philosophy and teachings of spiritualism, edited by E. Gerry Brown. H.P. Blavatsky and H.S. Olcott for a time took the journal under their protection (lending E.G. Brown money, contributing as authors and looking for other authors) and used it to announce the revolution effected in spiritualism by occultism. The journal was the first devoted to occultism. (IAPSOP). Early cooperation with the journal was discussed in correspondence between [[Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna|H. P. Blavatsky]] and its editor E. G. Brown, including plans to attract contributors ([[Zirkoff, Boris|B. de Zirkoff]], [[Zirkoff B. - Elbridge Gerry Brown#45|BCW 1:45-46]], [[Olcott H.S. - Important to Spiritualists#85|BCW 1:85-88]]). +

Spiritualism +

In philosophy, the state or condition of mind opposed to materialism or a material conception of things. Theosophy, a doctrine which teaches that all which exists is animated or informed by the Universal Soul or Spirit, and that not an atom in our universe can be outside of this omnipresent Principle — is pure Spiritualism. As to the belief that goes under that name, namely, belief in the constant communication of the living with the dead, whether through the mediumistic powers of oneself or a so‐called medium — it is no better than the materialisation of spirit, and the degradation of the human and the divine, souls. Believers in such communications are simply dishonouring the dead and performing constant sacrilege. It was well called “Necromancy” in days of old. But our modern Spiritualists take offence at being told this simple truth. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Spiritualist +

The leading British spiritualist periodical of the era, filled with "scientific" and somewhat skeptical (for the genre) investigations of and comments on the phenomena of the time. From 1874 to 1879 it was the organ of the British National Association of Spiritualists, but lost the position when its editor quarreled with William Stainton Moses and the BNAS took its patronage to Spiritual Notes. Contributions from practically everyone in England (and America) who was interested in spiritualism, including C.F. Varley, William Crookes, Alfred R. Wallace, Emil de Sayn Wittgenstein, Robert Dale Owen, John L. O'Sullivan, C.C. Massey, Alexander Calder, Mrs. Makdougall Gregory; Alexander Aksakov; Adelma von Vay; C. Carter Blake; Emily Kislingbury; Anna Blackwell, et al. Edward W. Allen, who was involved with this and also published Spiritual Notes and The Spiritual Record, was a member of the New Church (Swedenborgian) and published one of its journals, The Dawn. LOC; Harvard University; National Library of Scotland; University of Manchester; ZDB: Freiburg Inst Grenzgeb Psychol. (IAPSOP). London weekly journal; de Zirkoff lists twenty volumes from 19 November 1869 to March 1882 and identifies Harvard College Library as having especially complete holdings. (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.6)#451|6:451]][[SMW::on]]). A newspaper edited by [[Harrison, William Henry|W. H. Harrison]] which [[Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna|H. P. Blavatsky]] described as scientific and impartial ([[Zirkoff, Boris|B. de Zirkoff]], [[Blavatsky H.P. - Madame Blavatsky on the Views of the Theosophists#290|BCW 1:290]]).

Spon, Jacob +

His Miscellanea eruditae antiquitatis is listed as a collection concerning antiquities (BCW [[SMW::off]][[Zirkoff B. - Appendix (BCW vol.8)#475|8:475]][[SMW::on]]). +

Spook +

A ghost, a hobgoblin. Used of the various apparitions in the seance‐rooms of the Spiritualists. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Spriggs, George +

Correspondence over an alleged misrepresentation of the medium’s character in The Theosophist prompted a note by [[Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna|H. P. Blavatsky]]. ([[Zirkoff, Boris|B. de Zirkoff]], [[Blavatsky H.P. - Note to Under the Shadow of Great Names#604|BCW 4:604]]) +

Sraddha +

Lit., faith, respect, reverence. Devotion to the memory and care for the welfare of the ''manes'' of dead relatives. A ''post‐mortem'' rite for newly kindred. There are also monthly rites of ''Srâddha''. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Sraddhadeva +

An epithet of Yama, the god of death and king of the nether world, or Hades. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Sramana +

Buddhist priests, ascetics and postulants for Nirvâna, “they who have to place a restraint on their thoughts ”. The word Saman, now “Shaman” is a corruption of this primitive word. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Srastara +

A couch consisting of a mat or a tiger’s skin, strewn with ''darbha, kusa'' and other grasses, used by ascetics — gurus and chelas — and spread on the floor. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Sravah +

The Amshaspends, in their highest aspect. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Sravaka +

Lit., “he who causes to hear ”; a preacher. But in Buddhism it denotes a disciple or chela. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +

Sri Sankaracharya +

The great religious reformer of India, and teacher of the Vedânta philosophy — the greatest of all such teachers, regarded by the ''Adwaitas '' (Non‐dualists) as an incarnation of Siva and a worker of miracles. He established many ''mathams ''(monasteries), and founded the most learned sect among Brahmans, called the Smârtava. The legends about him are as numerous as his philosophical writings. At the age of thirty‐two he went to Kashmir, and reaching Kedâranâth in the Himalayas, entered a cave alone, whence he never returned. His followers claim that he did not die, but only retired from the world. [[Category: CTD info from Theosophical Glossary]] (TG). +